中国分省社会养老服务供给水平研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 06:25

本文选题：社会养老服务供给 + 省际差异　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国人口老龄化程度日渐加深,与世界其他国家的同期水平相比有加速老龄化的趋势,与此同时,相对于发达国家特别是高福利国家,我国的社会养老服务起步晚,基础薄弱。2011年我国逐步确立了社会养老服务体系,明确提出市场的主体性地位及政府的指导性作用,这是中国社会养老服务发展的重要里程碑。但是在实际运行中,由于政府相关部门缺少对本地区养老服务实际需求的具体考察,以及人力、财力、物力的综合考量,社会养老服务供给在全国不同地区之间存在较大差异,同一地区内不同服务供给要素之间的搭配并不均衡,总体上表现为养老服务投入较多而效率不佳的窘境。鉴于此,本文构造了包括人力资本、财政资金、机构设施在内的社会养老服务供给水平综合评价体系,基于中国民政统计年鉴相关统计数据,对2006~2014年中国31个省级行政区的社会养老服务供给水平进行了综合测算与对比分析。结果发现,我国社会养老服务供给存在区域性差异,与区域人口老龄化程度和经济发展水平等因素有一定联系;此外,专业型社会养老服务从业人员、稳定的养老保险与医疗保险支撑及基层养老机构与设施的配备对社会养老服务供给水平的影响均较为显著。除了社会养老服务供给内部的相关因素的影响,仍然存在一些宏观的因素尚待考察。故在综合指数测算的基础上,本文通过构造动态面板模型,采用STATA 14.0数据分析软件对可能影响社会养老服务的因素进行了系统分析,结果发现地区经济发展速度、第三产业发达程度、地区城镇化水平对社会养老服务供给水平的影响均较为显著,不仅如此,社会养老服务供给也会对本期的供给水平有一定惯性,养老服务需求的影响滞后。综合以上研究,本文提出相应建议:首先,加快社会养老服务法制规范的出台,在全社会营造积极的社会化养老观念;其次,社会养老服务的供给与地区经济发展水平相协调,优化配置养老资源;再次,社会养老服务供给要与地区老年人口的数量直接挂钩;最后,充分发挥市场主体作用,政府相应做好养老机构设施与各层次服务人员的配备工作,尤其是继续强化基层社区的养老机构与服务水平。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the aging degree of our country's population is deepening day by day, compared with the other countries in the world, it has the tendency of accelerating aging. At the same time, compared with the developed countries, especially the high-welfare countries, the social old-age service of our country starts late. The foundation is weak. In 2011, China gradually established the social old-age service system, clearly put forward the market's subjective position and the guiding role of the government, which is an important milestone in the development of China's social old-age service. However, in actual operation, due to the lack of specific investigation on the actual demand for pension services in this region by the relevant government departments, as well as the comprehensive consideration of human, financial and material resources, there are great differences in the supply of social pension services between different regions of the country. The collocation of different service supply elements in the same area is not balanced. In view of this, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation system of social old-age service supply level, including human capital, financial capital and institutional facilities, based on the relevant statistical data of China Civil Affairs Statistical Yearbook. The supply level of social pension service in 31 provincial administrative districts of China from 2006 to 2014 was calculated and compared. The results show that there are regional differences in the supply of social old-age services in China, which are related to factors such as the aging degree of the regional population and the level of economic development. The stable support of pension insurance and medical insurance and the provision of basic pension institutions and facilities have a significant effect on the level of social pension service supply. In addition to the influence of the internal factors of the social pension service supply, there are still some macro factors to be examined. Therefore, on the basis of comprehensive index calculation, this paper, by constructing dynamic panel model and using STATA 14.0 data analysis software, makes a systematic analysis of the factors that may affect the social old-age service. The results show that the regional economic development rate is very fast. The third industry developed level, the regional urbanization level of the social pension service supply level are more significant, not only, the social pension service supply will also have a certain inertia on the current supply level, the impact of pension service demand lags behind. Synthesizing the above research, this paper puts forward the corresponding suggestions: first, to accelerate the introduction of the legal norms of social old-age care services, to create a positive concept of social old-age care in the whole society; secondly, to coordinate the supply of social pension services with the level of regional economic development. Third, the supply of social pension services should be directly linked to the number of the elderly population in the region; finally, the role of the market as the main body should be brought into full play, and the government should do a good job in the provision of pension facilities and service personnel at all levels. In particular, continue to strengthen the basic community pension institutions and service level.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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