西安市老年公共服务设施配置研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 20:27

【摘要】：城市化和人口老龄化是21世纪全球两大趋势,也是各国和地区面临的重大挑战。2013年我国的劳动人口首次出现负增长,人口红利优势逐渐丧失,老年人群在城市中扮演着越来越重要的角色,对我国的公共服务设施也提出了新的发展要求。然而当前西安市的公共服务的配置严重不足,并与老年人口的空间分布相悖,面对老龄化发展趋势,现有的国家和地方规范仍显滞后,总量配置过小,设施类型非硬性要求配置;此外,规范在差异化配置方面考虑不足,不适应老年人口空间配置的差异,也没有考虑城区内部土地供应状况的不同,人均指标没体现差异性。本论文从分析西安市老年人口入手,研究西安市老年人公共服务设施体系,从老年公共服务设施种类的优化完善到双级体系控制的配建标准的建立。首先,老年公共服务设施种类结合相关研究提出了居住型、学娱型、医护型和管理性四类老年人公共服务设施,其次,论文结合老年人需求与老年公共服务设施供给两方面因素,提出了未来西安市老年公共服务设施的配置可采用双级体系控制的配建标准,即规模分级和区位分级。规模分级从老年人对公共服务设施的需求方面分析,主要结合人口规模,体现市级-区级-居住区级-小区级的的配建体系,明确数量;而区位分级则是从老年公共服务设施的供给考虑,按照西安市老年人与老年公共服务设施的分布特征及未来趋势,提出区位分级的概念,将西安市划分为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级,差异化对待,提高了可实施性。最后,论文提出未来老年公共服务设施的配置应完善设施类型体系、优化设施空间布局并采取措施保障设施规划实施。设施类型体系主要加强专享型为老设施的建设;设施的空间布局应结合老年人特征采用等级配置并与老年人空间分布相匹配;设施保障措施主要是政府应尽快完善老年人公共服务设施实施细则并加强专业人员的培养。
[Abstract]:Urbanization and population aging are two major global trends in the 21st century, and are also the major challenges facing all countries and regions. In 2013, China's working population experienced a negative growth for the first time, and the advantages of the demographic dividend gradually lost. The elderly people play a more and more important role in the city, and put forward new requirements for the development of public service facilities in our country. However, the current allocation of public services in Xi'an is seriously inadequate and contrary to the spatial distribution of the elderly population. In the face of the trend of aging, the existing national and local norms are still lagging behind, and the total allocation is too small. In addition, the standard does not consider the difference in the allocation of population space, does not adapt to the differences in spatial allocation of the elderly population, does not take into account the different land supply situation in urban areas, and does not reflect the difference in per capita indicators. Starting with the analysis of the elderly population in Xi'an, this paper studies the system of public service facilities for the elderly in Xi'an, from the optimization and perfection of the types of public service facilities for the elderly to the establishment of the construction standards for the control of the two-level system. First of all, the types of public service facilities for the elderly combined with the relevant studies put forward four types of public service facilities for the elderly, including residential type, school type, medical type and management type, and then put forward four types of public service facilities for the elderly. Combined with the demand of the elderly and the supply of public service facilities for the elderly, the paper puts forward that the allocation of the public service facilities for the elderly in Xi'an in the future can be controlled by a two-level system, namely scale classification and location classification. Scale classification from the elderly demand for public service facilities analysis, mainly combined with the population size, reflects the city-district level-residential level of the allocation system, clear quantity; In view of the supply of public service facilities for the elderly, according to the distribution characteristics and future trends of the elderly and elderly public service facilities in Xi'an, the concept of location classification is put forward, and Xi'an is divided into grade 鈪，

本文编号：2147202