2016年欧洲难民危机的新特征及其成因——基于2015-2016年欧洲统计局和德国联邦移民与难民局数据的实证研究
发布时间：2018-08-07 15:51
【摘要】：由于欧盟与土耳其难民协议的执行、欧洲国家收紧难民政策、难民申请的滞后效应、难民庇护申请处理效率的提高以及欧洲安全国家政策及难民接纳政策的调整,2016年的欧洲难民危机呈现出如下六个方面的新特征:进入欧洲地区的难民数量断崖式急剧减少;提出难民庇护申请的人数稳中有降,但个别国家如德国的难民庇护申请人数出现井喷式急剧升高;处理难民庇护申请的速度加快、处理量急剧加大;被接纳为难民的和被拒的避难申请者数量均迅速增长;难民庇护申请者的来源国国别结构发生变化;难民庇护申请的接纳国家的国别结构出现重塑。控制和减少难民数量的目标已经实现,但遣返被拒难民和已接受难民的社会融合目标的实现,将是摆在欧洲国家和欧盟面前的一项长期的艰巨任务。
[Abstract]:As a result of the implementation of the agreement between the European Union and Turkey on refugees, European countries have tightened their refugee policies and the delayed effect of refugee claims. With the improvement of refugee asylum application processing efficiency and the adjustment of European national security policy and refugee acceptance policy, the European refugee crisis in 2016 presents the following six new characteristics: the number of refugees entering Europe has declined precipitously; The number of refugees applying for asylum has declined steadily, but the number of refugees applying for asylum has increased sharply in individual countries, such as Germany, the speed of processing refugee asylum applications has been accelerated, and the processing of refugee asylum applications has increased sharply. The number of asylum applicants accepted as refugees and rejected has increased rapidly; the country structure of the country of origin of the refugee asylum applicant has changed; and the country structure of the host country of the asylum application has been reshaped. The goal of controlling and reducing the number of refugees has been achieved, but the goal of social integration for the repatriation of rejected and accepted refugees will be a long-term and arduous task for European countries and the European Union.
【作者单位】： 山东大学移民研究所;山东大学哲学与社会发展学院社会学系;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“欧盟的难民危机、移民融入问题及其治理研究”(项目号:17BMZ091) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“宗教信仰与流动人口的社会融入研究”(项目号:13JJD730002)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D815.6
，
本文编号：2170532
[Abstract]:As a result of the implementation of the agreement between the European Union and Turkey on refugees, European countries have tightened their refugee policies and the delayed effect of refugee claims. With the improvement of refugee asylum application processing efficiency and the adjustment of European national security policy and refugee acceptance policy, the European refugee crisis in 2016 presents the following six new characteristics: the number of refugees entering Europe has declined precipitously; The number of refugees applying for asylum has declined steadily, but the number of refugees applying for asylum has increased sharply in individual countries, such as Germany, the speed of processing refugee asylum applications has been accelerated, and the processing of refugee asylum applications has increased sharply. The number of asylum applicants accepted as refugees and rejected has increased rapidly; the country structure of the country of origin of the refugee asylum applicant has changed; and the country structure of the host country of the asylum application has been reshaped. The goal of controlling and reducing the number of refugees has been achieved, but the goal of social integration for the repatriation of rejected and accepted refugees will be a long-term and arduous task for European countries and the European Union.
【作者单位】： 山东大学移民研究所;山东大学哲学与社会发展学院社会学系;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“欧盟的难民危机、移民融入问题及其治理研究”(项目号:17BMZ091) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“宗教信仰与流动人口的社会融入研究”(项目号:13JJD730002)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D815.6
，
本文编号：2170532
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