社会主义协商民主实施机制研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 14:34

【摘要】：协商民主理论,是20世纪九十年代西方政治理论界兴起的民主理论,但在我国早期的政治民主发展历程中已经蕴含着协商民主的思想,并且进行着初步的实践。改革开放以来,随着我国社会主义市场经济的快速发展,经济利益和社会结构呈现复杂性、多元性,社会不同利益主体经济地位的上升要求政治地位也要得到保障,人们参与公共事务的要求越来越强烈。2006年,《中共中央关于加强人民政协工作的意见》指出,选举民主与协商民主是我国社会主义民主的两种重要形式。传统的民主形式已经不能够满足人们日益增长的利益表达需要,协商民主成为了我国社会主义民主发展的客观选择。党的十八大报告也指出社会主义协商民主是我国人民民主的重要形式。社会主义协商民主作为我国社会主义民主的重要组成部分,迎合了新时期社会发展的实际需求,是化解社会矛盾、解决社会分歧的有效途径。经过长时间的实践证明,人民政协作为我国主要的民主实现形式在实际操作过程中已经体现出了它明显的优势,但想要完善我国的民主制度建设,还需要根据发展中的实际需求扩展更广阔领域的协商,拓宽协商渠道,充分发挥社会主义协商民主在实践中的作用,使社会主义协商民主的实施能够推进我国民主政治建设不断向前。本文通过对社会主义协商民主实施机制的概念界定、基本构成要素理论分析,从社会主义协商民主在我国发展的历史进程中,分析其实施的有利条件,探讨了社会主义协商民主实施的具体路径。本文以马克思主义的世界观和方法论为指导,坚持理论联系实际的原则,综合运用文献分析法、比较研究法、多学科综合研究的方法,首先对这一选题在国内外学术界相关研究现状进行综述,并介绍了文章选题的目的和意义,阐述了本文的研究方法和创新之处。本文的主要内容分为以下五部分：第一部分,社会主义协商民主实施机制的概念解读。首先,在协商民主的一般性理解基础上,对社会主义协商民主的概念进行界定。其次,通过对制度、体制、机制的系统阐述,分析了三者之间的辩证关系,为分析社会主义协商民主实施机制做理论铺垫。最后,对社会主义协商民主实施机制的内涵进行概括,并分析了社会主义协商民主的五个基本构成要素。第二部分,社会主义协商民主的历史进程。以历史发展为主线,介绍了社会主义协商民主在我国发展的时代背景和历史进程,分为形成时期、初期发展、快速发展三个阶段,历经了半个多世纪,回顾历史,社会主义协商民主从最初的国家政治层面的协商逐渐向社会更多领域的扩展,它的每个发展阶段都为推进社会主义协商民主的实施打下了坚实的基础。第三部分,社会主义协商民主的功能。分别从人民的民主地位、公民的政治参与、政府决策和构建和谐社会四个角度分析社会主义协商民主对我国的民主政治建设的重要意义,充分认识到了社会主义协商民主在建设我国社会主义民主国家中的重要地位。第四部分,社会主义协商民主实施的基本保障。在社会主义市场经济条件下,我国的社会结构日趋多元化,社会主义协商民主在复杂的社会背景下实施,需要有基本的保障条件。本部分从组织保障、制度保障、思想保障和群众保障四个方面详细阐述了保证社会主义协商民主实施的基本条件,肯定了社会主义协商民主与中国具体国情相结合的价值。第五部分,社会主义协商民主的实践形式。本部分探索了社会主义协商民主在我国民主政治建设中的具体实践路径。在实践中,社会主义协商民主的领域不断扩展,已经广泛融入到我国社会主义民主政治建设的各个环节,并且协商形式多种多样,在人民政协、人民代表大会、党派之间、政府行政、基层民主自治和网络中,社会主义协商民主都以不同的实现形式应用在不同层面的政治生活中,并取得显著成效。党的十八大报告对社会主义协商民主的工作做出了重要指示,要求完善其工作机制,大力推进其发展。在新的历史发展阶段,中国共产党人加深了对协商民主的认识,并提出更高的发展要求,更注重社会主义协商民主在不同领域中的实践。实践证明,社会主义协商民主的实施,丰富了我国的民主实现形式,真正保障了人民当家作主的权利。除了像人民政协这种国家政治层面的社会主义民主形式之外,全国很多地方根据当地实际情况创造出了多种有效的协商民主形式,比如听证会、民主恳谈会、居民会议等,还扩展到了网络领域。在未来的发展中,社会主义协商民主的实施与完善将是一项长期的历史任务,对其实践领域的拓展仍需不断探索。
[Abstract]:The theory of deliberative democracy is a democratic theory that rose in the western political theorists in the 1990s, but it has already contained the thought of deliberative democracy in the early development of political democracy in our country, and has carried on the preliminary practice. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the socialist market economy, economic interests and social structure in our country In 2006, the Central Committee of the CPC pointed out that electoral democracy and deliberative democracy are two important forms of socialist democracy in China. Traditional forms of democracy can no longer meet the growing needs of people's expression of interests, and deliberative democracy has become an objective choice for the development of socialist democracy in China. The report of the 18th National Congress of the CPC also points out that socialist deliberative democracy is an important form of people's democracy in China. An important part of it caters to the actual needs of social development in the new period and is an effective way to resolve social contradictions and social differences. It has been proved by long-term practice that the people's political cooperation, as the main form of democratic realization in China, has shown its obvious advantages in the actual operation process, but it wants to improve democracy in China. The system construction also needs to expand the consultation in a broader field according to the actual needs of development, broaden the channels of consultation, give full play to the role of socialist consultative democracy in practice, so that the implementation of socialist consultative democracy can push forward the construction of democratic politics in China. Definition of concept, theoretical analysis of basic elements, analysis of the favorable conditions for the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy in the historical process of China's development, and explore the specific path for the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy. Firstly, this paper summarizes the research status of this topic in the academic circles at home and abroad, introduces the purpose and significance of the topic selection, and expounds the research methods and innovations of this paper. The main contents of this paper are divided into the following five parts: Part I, Socialist Consultation First of all, on the basis of the general understanding of deliberative democracy, the concept of socialist deliberative democracy is defined. Secondly, through the systematic elaboration of the system, system and mechanism, the dialectical relationship among the three is analyzed to lay a theoretical foundation for the analysis of the implementation mechanism of socialist deliberative democracy. This paper summarizes the connotation of the implementation mechanism of socialist deliberative democracy, and analyzes the five basic elements of socialist deliberative democracy. The second part is the historical process of socialist deliberative democracy. The three stages of development and rapid development have gone through more than half a century. Looking back on history, socialist deliberative democracy has gradually expanded from the initial consultation at the national political level to more fields of society. Each stage of its development has laid a solid foundation for promoting the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy. The important significance of socialist deliberative democracy to China's democratic political construction is analyzed from the four aspects of people's democratic status, citizens'political participation, government decision-making and building a harmonious society. The important position of socialist deliberative democracy in building a socialist democratic country is fully recognized. Under the condition of socialist market economy, the social structure of our country is becoming more and more diversified, and the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy under the complicated social background needs basic guarantee conditions. The fifth part is the practice form of socialist deliberative democracy. This part explores the concrete practice path of socialist deliberative democracy in our country's democratic political construction. The realm of righteous deliberative democracy has been expanding constantly and has been widely integrated into all links of socialist democratic political construction in China. There are various forms of consultation. In the People's Political Consultative Conference, the People's Congress, between parties, government administration, grass-roots democratic autonomy and the network, socialist deliberative democracy is applied in different forms of realization. The report of the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China has given important instructions to the work of socialist deliberative democracy, demanding to improve its working mechanism and vigorously promote its development. The practice of socialist deliberative democracy in different fields has proved that the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy has enriched the form of democratic realization in China and guaranteed the people's right to be the masters of their own country. Many effective forms of deliberative democracy have been created, such as hearings, democratic talks, residents'meetings and so on, and have been extended to the network field.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D621

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