事实抑或建构:当代美国福利依赖问题探析
发布时间：2018-09-04 08:08
【摘要】：从20世纪70年代末起,在经济、社会和思想文化等因素交织的大背景下,福利依赖问题在美国引发了普遍关注并在福利改革的讨论中占据了核心位置。这一时期出现的福利依赖问题并非之前福利扩张导致的现实结果与社会事实,而是被建构出来以实现福利的保守主义观点的工具。美国福利讨论的参与者绝大多数回避对福利依赖概念的分析和界定,强调福利依赖的主观层面而忽视客观层面,把福利依赖的负面后果等同于福利依赖本身,把所有福利领取者看成行为有问题的"依赖阶级",通过上述四点策略,福利依赖被成功地建构为急需应对的社会问题。建构福利依赖问题不但污名化了福利领取者,而且导致对福利国家的大肆批判,最终使美国福利改革的探讨进入了误区。
[Abstract]:Since the late 1970s, under the background of economic, social, ideological and cultural factors, welfare dependence has aroused widespread concern in the United States and occupied a central position in the discussion of welfare reform. The problem of welfare dependence in this period is not the actual result and social fact caused by the expansion of welfare, but the tool of conservatism which is constructed to realize welfare. Most participants in welfare discussions in the United States avoid analyzing and defining the concept of welfare dependence, emphasizing the subjective aspect of welfare dependence and neglecting the objective aspect, and equating the negative consequences of welfare dependence with welfare dependence itself. All welfare recipients are regarded as "dependent classes" with questionable behavior. Through the above four strategies, welfare dependence is successfully constructed as a social problem that needs to be dealt with urgently. The construction of welfare dependence not only stigmatizes the welfare recipients, but also leads to the criticism of the welfare state, and finally makes the discussion of the welfare reform in the United States into a misunderstanding.
【作者单位】： 四川大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学青年项目(16YJC840032)
【分类号】：D771.2
，
本文编号：2221502
[Abstract]:Since the late 1970s, under the background of economic, social, ideological and cultural factors, welfare dependence has aroused widespread concern in the United States and occupied a central position in the discussion of welfare reform. The problem of welfare dependence in this period is not the actual result and social fact caused by the expansion of welfare, but the tool of conservatism which is constructed to realize welfare. Most participants in welfare discussions in the United States avoid analyzing and defining the concept of welfare dependence, emphasizing the subjective aspect of welfare dependence and neglecting the objective aspect, and equating the negative consequences of welfare dependence with welfare dependence itself. All welfare recipients are regarded as "dependent classes" with questionable behavior. Through the above four strategies, welfare dependence is successfully constructed as a social problem that needs to be dealt with urgently. The construction of welfare dependence not only stigmatizes the welfare recipients, but also leads to the criticism of the welfare state, and finally makes the discussion of the welfare reform in the United States into a misunderstanding.
【作者单位】： 四川大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学青年项目(16YJC840032)
【分类号】：D771.2
，
本文编号：2221502
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/guojiguanxi/2221502.html
