我国居家养老服务体系建设中的政府职能研究

发布时间：2018-09-04 09:33

【摘要】：自21世纪以来,我国迈入老龄化社会的步伐日趋加快,老年人口数量日益扩大,带动着社会养老需求愈发见长。伴随着今年二胎政策的推出落实,“上有老、下有小”的社会形势更加严峻,居家养老服务作为“人必有终老”的民生问题,顺其自然地成为了社会高度关注的热点和各级政府的重要工作。我们应该采用什么样的形式才可以保证居家养老服务的有序蓬勃发展,怎样才是最合适的发展框架,如何才可以构建高效的居家养老服务体系?纵观世界各国的经验,总结他们的教训,我们发现,鉴于养老服务的准公共产品特性,只有发挥政府的作用,由政府主导,通过由上而下的推进方式才可以保障居家养老服务的可持续发展。本文作者以政府职能的公共治理理论、多中心治理理论、公共服务和服务型政府相关理论为理论基础和依据,并系统地回顾国内外的研究文献,提炼指出政府在居家养老服务建设中的五大职能。然后,以事实数据说话,通过对长春市老年人(接受者)、社区养老机构(直接提供者)和政府部门(管理规划者)的实际访谈和问卷调查,获得第一手信息资料,积极探索实践,归纳出政府在体系建设中存在的问题:法律缺失、组织规划不足、缺少统一协调、资金短缺、监督评估欠缺,并发掘影响政府职能发挥的原因;再学习和参考国外政府在居家养老服务的相关经验,从我国的实际国情出发,明确建设内容、目标和五大原则,进而提出政府职能在居家养老服务体系建设中履行和落实的对策与建议,希望我国政府建立起满足社会生产需要和人民生活需要的、社会化、实体化的、有效率的居家养老服务体系。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the pace of our country entering the aging society is accelerating day by day, and the number of the elderly population is expanding day by day, which drives the social demand for the aged more and more. With the implementation of the two-child policy this year, the social situation of "old age, small children" has become even more severe. As a livelihood issue of "people must have an old age", the family pension service is a livelihood issue. Naturally, it has become a hot spot of high social concern and important work of governments at all levels. What form should we adopt to ensure the orderly and vigorous development of the home pension service, how to be the most appropriate development framework, how to build an efficient home pension service system? Looking at the experiences of countries around the world and summarizing their lessons, we find that given the quasi-public goods nature of pension services, only the role of the government can be brought into play and led by the government. The sustainable development of the home pension service can be guaranteed by the way of pushing from top to bottom. Based on the theory of public governance of government function, the theory of multi-center governance, the theory of public service and service-oriented government, the author reviews the domestic and foreign research literature systematically. It points out the five functions of the government in the construction of home pension service. Then, speaking with factual data, through actual interviews and questionnaires to the elderly (recipients), community pension institutions (direct providers) and government departments (management planners) in Changchun, we obtained first-hand information. Actively explore the practice, sum up the problems of the government in the system construction: lack of law, lack of organization planning, lack of unity and coordination, lack of funds, lack of supervision and evaluation, and explore the reasons that affect the function of the government; And then learn from and refer to the relevant experiences of foreign governments in providing for the aged at home, proceeding from the actual conditions of our country, defining the contents, objectives and five principles of construction. Then it puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of the government function in the construction of the family pension service system, and hopes that the government of our country will establish the social production needs and the people's life needs, socialization and materialization, Efficient home pension service system.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6

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