城市空巢老人的精神需求问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 15:35

【摘要】：随着经济的迅猛发展,人民物质生活水平不断提高,加之医疗卫生服务的改善、人均寿命的延长,我国人口老龄化进程逐步加快,老年人口呈现出数量多、增长快等特点。计划生育政策的实施,使城市中出现了越来越多的“四二一”家庭,城市快速的生活节奏和忙碌的工作使子女无暇照顾老人,同时由于住房条件的改善,有的子女成家立业后不与父母住在一起,有的甚至在外地生活工作,于是在城市中出现了许多空巢老人。家庭的养老功能不断弱化,子女更多的时间被工作占据,能够照顾父母的时间相应减少,空巢现象也更加严重。在城市空巢老人的物质生活逐步改善的同时,精神需求方面的问题突显出来并不断严峻。本文通过大量阅读国内外文献,采用问卷调查和深度访谈的方法,随机发放了209份问卷,并运用SPSS统计软件对搜集的数据进行处理,对城市空巢老人的精神需求进行频次分析和交叉分析,同时,在深度访谈过程中,收集了很多真实的案例,把数据统计和案例分析相结合,更加全面、真实的反映出城市空巢老人的精神需求。城市空巢老人经济相对独立,与物质生活需求相比,精神需求显得越来越强烈。笔者从年龄、性别、职位三个角度入手分析城市空巢老人的精神需求。研究发现,不同年龄、不同职位、不同性别的城市空巢老人的精神需求不同。通过分析结果与研究现状的对比,找到城市空巢老人精神需求难以满足的原因,并从微观、中观、宏观三个方面入手,找出老年人自身、家庭、社区和政府在城市空巢老人精神需求方面存在的问题并提出针对性对策,希望能够引起社会各界对城市空巢老人精神需求这一问题的重视,通过各方努力为满足城市空巢老人的精神需求创造良好、和谐的社会环境。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the people's material living standard has been improved constantly, in addition to the improvement of medical and health services, the prolongation of life expectancy, the aging process of the population in China has been gradually accelerated, and the elderly population has the characteristics of a large number and a rapid growth. With the implementation of the family planning policy, more and more "41" families have appeared in the city. The rapid pace of life and busy work in the city have left children with no time to take care of the elderly. At the same time, due to the improvement of housing conditions, Some children do not live with their parents after starting a family, some even live and work in other places, so there are many empty nesters in the city. Family pension function is weakening, children are occupied more time by work, the time to take care of their parents is reduced, and the phenomenon of empty nest is more serious. While the material life of the urban empty-nesters is improving gradually, the spiritual needs are becoming more and more serious. Through reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature, using the method of questionnaire and in-depth interview, this paper randomly distributed 209 questionnaires, and used SPSS statistical software to process the collected data. The frequency and cross-analysis of the spiritual needs of the urban empty-nest elderly are analyzed. At the same time, in the course of in-depth interviews, many real cases are collected, and the data statistics and case analysis are combined to make them more comprehensive. It truly reflects the spiritual needs of the urban empty-nest elderly. Urban empty-nest elderly economy is relatively independent, compared with material needs, spiritual needs appear more and more intense. The author analyzes the spiritual needs of urban empty-nesters from three angles: age, sex and position. The study found that the mental needs of urban empty-nest elderly are different according to age, position and gender. By comparing the analysis results with the present research situation, we find out the reasons why the spiritual needs of the urban empty-nesters are difficult to meet, and start from the micro, meso and macro aspects to find out the elderly themselves and their families. Community and government in the urban empty nest elderly spiritual needs of the problems and put forward targeted countermeasures, hoping to arouse social attention to the urban empty nest elderly spiritual needs of this problem, Through the efforts of all parties to meet the spiritual needs of urban empty nest elderly to create a good, harmonious social environment.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6

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