论我国未成年人刑事责任法定年龄—是否降低最低刑事责任年龄的思考

发布时间：2018-09-12 13:38

【摘要】：未成年人承担的刑事责任是以刑事责任年龄为前提。刑事责任年龄确定了什么年龄阶段的未成年人需承担刑事责任以及在什么范围内承担刑事责任。我国立法一直对未成年人秉着从宽的基本原则,坚持以教育为主,惩罚为辅的的基本立场。但是近年来,未成年人犯罪趋向低龄化的社会态势把未成年人刑事责任年龄问题推向了风口浪尖。关于是否降低最低刑事责任年龄,在学术界和理论界展开了大范围的讨论。本文拟从最低刑事责任年龄的学术争议为出发点,探讨我国未成年人犯罪的刑事责任问题。此文共分五部分。第一部分主要介绍我国未成年人的犯罪和刑事责任年龄立法现状,对近年来未成年人犯罪总体趋势,基本特征、犯罪原因进行探讨,明晰我国未成年人犯罪问题的严峻性;并对目前我国刑事责任年龄的立法规定作出分析。第二部分介绍目前未成年人刑事责任年龄法律规定中存在的问题。第三部分以国外不同国家为研究对象,研究其未成年人刑事责任年龄规定,了解国际关于刑事责任年龄规定的主流趋势,以此借鉴国外国家对于未成年人犯罪在立法原则以及预防惩治方面的经验。第四部分是针对目前我国在是否应降低刑事责任年龄上的争议进行梳理,分析归纳,并提出自己的见解。第五部分是在不降低最低刑事责任年龄的大前提下,对防范未成年人犯罪和改造未成年人提出自己的想法,希望对未来的立法提供一定的借鉴。
[Abstract]:The criminal responsibility of minors is based on the age of criminal responsibility. The age of criminal responsibility determines the age at which minors should bear criminal responsibility and within what scope. The legislation of our country always holds the basic principle of leniency to minors, and insists on the basic position that education is the main principle and punishment is secondary. However, in recent years, the social trend of juvenile delinquency tends to bring the age of juvenile criminal responsibility to the forefront. Whether to reduce the minimum age of criminal responsibility has been widely discussed in academic and theoretical circles. This paper discusses the criminal responsibility of juvenile delinquency in China from the point of view of the academic dispute over the minimum age of criminal responsibility. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part mainly introduces the current situation of juvenile delinquency and age of criminal responsibility in China, discusses the general trend, basic characteristics and causes of juvenile delinquency in recent years, and clarifies the seriousness of juvenile delinquency in China. And the current age of criminal responsibility in China's legislative provisions to make an analysis. The second part introduces the existing problems in the age of criminal responsibility of minors. The third part takes different foreign countries as the research object, studies its minor criminal responsibility age stipulation, understands the international regarding the criminal responsibility age stipulation the mainstream trend, In order to learn from foreign countries for juvenile delinquency in the legislative principles and prevention and punishment experience. The fourth part is to sort out the dispute about whether to reduce the age of criminal responsibility in our country at present, analyze and summarize, and put forward own opinion. The fifth part is not to reduce the minimum age of criminal responsibility under the premise of the prevention of juvenile delinquency and the reform of minors put forward their own ideas, hoping to provide some reference for future legislation.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924;D669.5

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