后乡土中国的自力养老及其限度——皖东T村经验引发的思考

发布时间：2018-10-12 19:07

【摘要】：后乡土中国正面临人口结构和社会结构双重老年化的局面,伴随青壮年劳力外出流动,乡村出现空巢社会与空巢家庭,家庭养老演变为自力养老,乡村老年人主要靠自己力量来支撑养老。乡村自力养老的形成,主要有传统延续与演变、制度安排、现实压力推动和情境实践建构等机制。乡村自力养老对国家、社会和乡村家庭减轻养老负担都有积极的意义,但从正当性、公正性和养老文化建构的角度看,自力养老并非乡村养老的理想状态,而可能是乡村社会养老问题的集中体现,其限度主要表现为:诱致人们将不合理的现实视为当然,不利于正义制度的建立,有碍向善的养老文化的建构。改变乡村自力养老现状,关键在于制度和文化的力量,既要有符合正义原则的乡村养老保障制度,还需要重建乡村社会的敬老文化。无论是养老制度,还是养老文化建设,都需要政府发挥主导和协调的作用,共同建构起敬老文化,让乡村老年人更体面地生活。
[Abstract]:Post-native China is facing the dual aging of population structure and social structure. With the migration of young and middle-aged labor force, there is an empty nest society and empty nest family in the countryside, and the family endowment becomes self-supporting. The rural elderly mainly rely on their own strength to support the old. The formation of rural self-supporting pension mainly includes traditional continuation and evolution, institutional arrangement, realistic pressure and situational practice construction and so on. It has positive significance for the country, society and rural families to lighten the burden of providing for the aged, but from the point of view of legitimacy, fairness and the construction of pension culture, self-supporting for the aged is not the ideal state of the rural old-age. But it may be the concentrated embodiment of the rural social old-age problem, its limitation is mainly as follows: induces people to take the unreasonable reality as of course, is unfavorable to the establishment of the justice system, hinders the construction of the good pension culture. The key to change the present situation of rural self-supporting for the aged lies in the strength of system and culture. It is necessary not only to have the rural old-age security system in accordance with the principle of justice, but also to rebuild the culture of respecting the elderly in rural society. Both the old-age system and the construction of old-age culture need the government to play a leading and coordinated role to build up a culture of respecting the elderly so that the elderly in rural areas can live more respectfully.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学社会学系;
【分类号】：D669.6

【相似文献】