《晨报副刊》与马克思主义在中国的传播（1918-1926）
发布时间：2018-10-24 08:16
【摘要】：作为民国初年的“四大副刊”之一的《晨报副刊》,是马克思主义在中国早期传播的主要阵地之一,同时也是各种流派的社会主义思想在中国传播的重要阵地之一,理清它所传播的马克思主义及其它各流派社会主义思想的基本状况,对于更好地认识马克思主义在中国早期传播的情况,具有重要学术价值和现实理论意义。但是,到目前为止,学界对《晨报副刊》及其与马克思主义在中国早期传播之间关系的专门研究却付之阙如。有鉴于此,为真实反映马克思主义在中国传播的原初状态,本文在充分参考借鉴学术界已有相关研究成果的基础上,通过对1918年至1926年间《晨报副刊》有关马克思主义和社会主义等方面的部分代表性文本的清理研析,考察了马克思主义在中国早期传播过程中的人事谱系、思想理论资源以及在面对现实的对苏关系等重大问题时各种政治势力如何运用这些思想理论资源来展开辩驳。本文首先对《晨报副刊》的人事关系进行了梳理分析,从中窥见在五四新文化运动时期,李大钊本人在《晨报副刊》传播马克思主义的人事谱系中处在关键地位,该副刊上所刊发的马克思主义文本的书写者几乎都与李大钊有密切的关系。他们通过会晤等方式对共产主义研究产生兴趣,因同校同学关系而关注马克思主义,凭借学会的渠道而在中国有组织有系统地传播马克思主义。本文进一步对《晨报副刊》上所发表的若干典型文本进行了研讨分析,初步厘清了马克思主义文本书写者传播马克思主义的部分思想理论资源。在欧洲社会党和国际共产主义运动史方面,安部矶雄的著作成为书写者的范本;他们对马克思的唯物史观的理解,不少来源于同一时期日本学者对马克思唯物史观的阐释;对马克思主义的政治经济学理论的解读,离不开河上肇等日本学者对《资本论》的简明解读,甚至对马克思、恩格斯等无产阶级领袖的认识也受到日本学者的影响,但这种影响不是唯一的影响源,考茨基、柯尔、Ensor等欧美理论家、学者的作品,也是他们重要的思想理论资源。1925年10月至1926年初,《晨报副刊》上演了“联俄与仇俄”之争。与以往研究不同,本文将其纳入了马克思主义在中国早期传播的研究视域,进行了独到的历史考辨。通过系统解读参与“联俄与仇俄”之争的各派政治势力的言论,本文发现随着争论的深入,自由主义者、研究系逐渐倾向于国家主义派,认为共产主义不适合中国,苏联是帝国主义国家,中国不应与之联合;而中国共产党、国民党左派则认为,为了反对帝国主义国家对中国的侵略,中国应与苏联联合,应以共产主义作为中国的出路。
[Abstract]:As one of the four supplements in the early years of the Republic of China, the Morning Post Supplement is one of the main fronts for the early spread of Marxism in China, as well as one of the important fronts for the spread of socialist ideas of various schools in China. It is of great academic value and practical theoretical significance to clarify the basic conditions of Marxism and other schools of socialism that it spreads in China for a better understanding of the early spread of Marxism in China. So far, however, the academic circles have not studied the relationship between the Morning Post Supplement and the early spread of Marxism in China. In view of this, in order to truly reflect the original state of Marxism spread in China, this paper, on the basis of fully referring to the relevant research achievements in academic circles, Through the study of some representative texts about Marxism and socialism from 1918 to 1926, the personnel genealogy of Marxism in the early spreading process of Marxism was investigated. The ideological and theoretical resources and the political forces how to use these ideological and theoretical resources to refute in the face of the realistic relations with the Soviet Union and other important issues. This paper first analyzes the personnel relationship of the Morning Post Supplement, and finds out that during the May 4th New Cultural Movement, Li Dazhao himself played a key role in the personnel pedigree of the dissemination of Marxism in the Morning News Supplement. Almost all the writers of the Marxist texts published in the supplement have a close relationship with Li Dazhao. They were interested in the study of communism through meetings, paid close attention to Marxism because of their schoolmate relationship, and spread Marxism in China in an organized and systematic way through the channels of learning. This paper further discusses and analyzes some typical texts published in the Supplement to the Morning Post, and preliminarily clarifies some theoretical and ideological resources for the writers of Marxist texts to spread Marxism. In the history of the European Socialist Party and the international communist movement, the works of Antoi became a model for the writers, and their understanding of Marx's historical materialism came from the interpretation of Marx's historical materialism by Japanese scholars in the same period. The interpretation of Marxist political economic theory cannot be separated from the concise interpretation of Capital by Japanese scholars such as Hanoshanzhao, and even the understanding of proletarian leaders such as Marx and Engels, which is also influenced by Japanese scholars. However, this influence is not the only source of influence. The works of European and American theorists and scholars, such as Kautsky, Kohl, Ensor, and so on, are also important ideological and theoretical resources. From October 1925 to early 1926, the "Morning Post Supplement" staged a dispute between "United Russia and enmity against Russia". Different from previous studies, this paper brings it into the perspective of the early spread of Marxism in China, and makes a unique historical research. Through a systematic interpretation of the views of various political forces involved in the "United Russia and enmity Russia" debate, this paper finds that with the deepening of the debate, liberals and research departments gradually tend to be nationalistic and believe that communism is not suitable for China. The Soviet Union is an imperialist country, and China should not unite with it, while the Communist Party of China and the leftists of the Kuomintang believe that in order to oppose the imperialist aggression against China, China should unite with the Soviet Union and take communism as a way out for China.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D61
，
本文编号：2290833
[Abstract]:As one of the four supplements in the early years of the Republic of China, the Morning Post Supplement is one of the main fronts for the early spread of Marxism in China, as well as one of the important fronts for the spread of socialist ideas of various schools in China. It is of great academic value and practical theoretical significance to clarify the basic conditions of Marxism and other schools of socialism that it spreads in China for a better understanding of the early spread of Marxism in China. So far, however, the academic circles have not studied the relationship between the Morning Post Supplement and the early spread of Marxism in China. In view of this, in order to truly reflect the original state of Marxism spread in China, this paper, on the basis of fully referring to the relevant research achievements in academic circles, Through the study of some representative texts about Marxism and socialism from 1918 to 1926, the personnel genealogy of Marxism in the early spreading process of Marxism was investigated. The ideological and theoretical resources and the political forces how to use these ideological and theoretical resources to refute in the face of the realistic relations with the Soviet Union and other important issues. This paper first analyzes the personnel relationship of the Morning Post Supplement, and finds out that during the May 4th New Cultural Movement, Li Dazhao himself played a key role in the personnel pedigree of the dissemination of Marxism in the Morning News Supplement. Almost all the writers of the Marxist texts published in the supplement have a close relationship with Li Dazhao. They were interested in the study of communism through meetings, paid close attention to Marxism because of their schoolmate relationship, and spread Marxism in China in an organized and systematic way through the channels of learning. This paper further discusses and analyzes some typical texts published in the Supplement to the Morning Post, and preliminarily clarifies some theoretical and ideological resources for the writers of Marxist texts to spread Marxism. In the history of the European Socialist Party and the international communist movement, the works of Antoi became a model for the writers, and their understanding of Marx's historical materialism came from the interpretation of Marx's historical materialism by Japanese scholars in the same period. The interpretation of Marxist political economic theory cannot be separated from the concise interpretation of Capital by Japanese scholars such as Hanoshanzhao, and even the understanding of proletarian leaders such as Marx and Engels, which is also influenced by Japanese scholars. However, this influence is not the only source of influence. The works of European and American theorists and scholars, such as Kautsky, Kohl, Ensor, and so on, are also important ideological and theoretical resources. From October 1925 to early 1926, the "Morning Post Supplement" staged a dispute between "United Russia and enmity against Russia". Different from previous studies, this paper brings it into the perspective of the early spread of Marxism in China, and makes a unique historical research. Through a systematic interpretation of the views of various political forces involved in the "United Russia and enmity Russia" debate, this paper finds that with the deepening of the debate, liberals and research departments gradually tend to be nationalistic and believe that communism is not suitable for China. The Soviet Union is an imperialist country, and China should not unite with it, while the Communist Party of China and the leftists of the Kuomintang believe that in order to oppose the imperialist aggression against China, China should unite with the Soviet Union and take communism as a way out for China.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D61
，
本文编号：2290833
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