乌鲁木齐市居家养老服务问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-27 12:43

【摘要】：2000年,我国正式进入老龄化社会的行列。一方面老年人口对养老方面的需求日益增加,另一方面养老资源供给不足,供需不平衡必然引发各种各样的社会矛盾。与此同时,单纯依靠家庭养老已不能完全解决养老难题,机构养老又普遍存在资源稀缺、服务质量较低、门槛高等问题。我国众多学者及老龄工作主管部门一致认为,居家养老是目前较为符合我国现实国情的一种养老模式,对于解决养老问题有着较为明显的优势与可行性。总体来看,对于居家养老服务的研究多集中于我国中、东部发达城市,而对于西部经济发展较落后的城市研究很少,并且缺乏具体实证调查分析。本文以乌鲁木齐市居家养老服务为研究对象,随机选取三个社区作为调查样本,理论与实证调查数据相结合,积极探索符合乌鲁木齐市自身特点的居家养老服务模式,这对于补充西部城市居家养老服务研究、完善居家养老服务的政策理论基础具有重大意义。首先从居家养老服务政策体系建设、资金投入与服务设施建设、网络体系建设三个方面概括出乌鲁木齐市居家养老服务发展现状。其次,随机抽取乌鲁木齐市三个社区作为调查样本,分别从供给与需求两个方面进行调查研究。供给方面主要包括服务对象、服务内容、服务组织网络与服务设施。需求方面主要立足于老年人日常生活实际,从保洁、医疗、维修、文娱等方面进行调查研究。最后运用二元Logistic回归模型分析哪些因素能够加强或削弱老年人对居家养老服务的需求。深入分析居家养老服务供给与需求二者间的关系,研究结果显示:大多数老年人在生活中还是渴望得到居家养老服务,但政策覆盖范围有限,实际供给不足;老年人居家养老服务项目需求日渐多样化,但实际供给非常单一;老年人居家养老服务潜在需求大,但低偿服务供给较少。最后,文章根据实际调研与访谈结果,总结出目前乌鲁木齐市居家养老服务存在的一些问题,并进行原因剖析。针对提出的服务覆盖面不足、资金短缺、队伍建设不完善、设施不全等问题,从政府职能、组织管理、培育市场机制等方面归纳出完善乌鲁木齐市居家养老服务的对策与建议。
[Abstract]:In 2000, China formally entered the ranks of aging society. On the one hand, the demand for the aged is increasing day by day, on the other hand, the supply of endowment resources is insufficient, the imbalance of supply and demand will inevitably lead to a variety of social contradictions. At the same time, relying on the family pension alone can not completely solve the pension problem, and the institutional pension system generally has the problems of scarce resources, low service quality, high threshold and so on. Many scholars and the department in charge of aging work in our country agree that home old-age pension is a kind of old-age pension model which is more in line with the reality of our country at present, and has obvious advantages and feasibility for solving the problem of old-age support. On the whole, the research on the home pension service is mostly focused on the developed cities in the east of China, while the research on the backward cities in the western region is rare, and lack of concrete empirical investigation and analysis. This paper takes the home pension service in Urumqi as the research object, selects three communities randomly as the investigation sample, combines the theory with the empirical investigation data, and actively explores the home pension service model which accords with Urumqi's own characteristics. It is of great significance to supplement the research on home pension service in western cities and to perfect the policy theory foundation of home pension service. Firstly, this paper summarizes the present situation of home pension service in Urumqi from three aspects: the construction of home pension service policy system, the construction of capital investment and service facilities, and the construction of network system. Secondly, three communities in Urumqi were randomly selected as investigation samples and investigated from two aspects of supply and demand. The supply aspect mainly includes the service object, the service content, the service organization network and the service facility. Demand is mainly based on the daily life of the elderly, from cleaning, medical treatment, maintenance, entertainment and other aspects of investigation and research. Finally, we use the binary Logistic regression model to analyze which factors can strengthen or weaken the elderly's demand for home care services. The research results show that the majority of the elderly are still eager to get the family old-age service in their lives, but the policy coverage is limited, and the actual supply is insufficient; The demand for home care services for the elderly is diversifying day by day, but the actual supply is very simple; the potential demand for home care services for the elderly is large, but the supply of low compensation services is relatively small. Finally, according to the actual investigation and interview results, summarizes the current Urumqi home pension service problems, and analyzes the reasons. Aiming at the problems of inadequate service coverage, shortage of funds, imperfect team construction and incomplete facilities, the countermeasures and suggestions for improving the home pension service in Urumqi are summarized from the aspects of government function, organization and management, cultivation of market mechanism and so on.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

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