唐代环塔里木地区屯戍格局及当代启示
发布时间：2018-12-23 18:22
【摘要】：古代新疆境内以丝绸之路中道和丝绸之路南道围成的闭合区域,即环塔里木地区,主要是指天山以南的南疆和东疆一带,地理区域主要包括哈密盆地、吐鲁番盆地、焉耆盆地和塔里木盆地。7到9世纪,在近160年的时间里,唐朝在环塔里木地区投入大量军事力量,有效遏制了吐蕃等游牧部落的侵犯,保障了西域的长期稳定。自618年唐朝建立以来,亚洲的政治格局逐渐发生变化,一方面,大唐帝国不断崛起,另一方面,突厥在北方的霸主地位因内部分裂而逐渐下降。唐朝对东突厥战争的胜利直接打通了通往西域的道路,伊、西二州及安西都护府的设置初步奠定了唐朝环塔里木地区屯戍格局的基础。634年,唐朝与吐蕃正式爆发冲突,此后,吐蕃逐渐成为唐朝西部及北部边疆最大的威胁。环塔里木地区对于唐朝和吐蕃而言,都具有极其重要的战略地位,自7世纪中期以后,双方在此长期争夺,安西四镇几经废立。直到692年王孝杰收复四镇,唐朝进一步加强了环塔里木地区的布防。在以后的近一个世纪的时间里,安西都护府和安西四镇(后改称安西节度使或四镇节度使)的设置从未间断,一定时期内实现了“断吐蕃左臂”的目的。唐代在环塔里木地区的布防体系是合理的。一方面,位于东部的西州,镇、戍、驿站、烽燧等分布尤其广泛,足见本地区交通便捷,结合本地充足的兵源和广泛的屯田,初步认为:西州是环塔里木地区戍防战略的后方基地。另一方面,包括安西都护府和沙州部分地区在内的塔里木盆地,大型军镇及守捉分布较多,由于此地位于吐蕃北上的关键区域,唐朝在此设置包括安西四镇在内的诸军镇,足见本地已成为遏制吐蕃入侵西域及阻止吐蕃与突厥联合的前沿阵地。唐代环塔里木地区的屯戍格局对于当今新疆治理具有现实意义。新时期南疆已成为新疆稳定的重心,充足的武装力量是南疆稳定的重要保障。同时,实践证明,新疆生产建设兵团能够有效应对当代新疆分裂及暴恐事件的新特点,对于促进新疆稳定和长治久安具有不可代替的作用。因此,应当坚持发展兵团事业,充分发挥兵团维稳戍边的作用。具体而言,要进一步完善南疆兵团的布局,加强南疆兵团的武装力量,加快南疆兵团的城镇化进程。
[Abstract]:In ancient Xinjiang, a closed area surrounded by the Silk Road Middle Road and the Silk Road South Road, that is, the Tarim region, mainly refers to the southern and eastern Xinjiang areas south of the Tianshan Mountains. The geographical areas mainly include the Hami Basin and the Turpan Basin. Yanqi Basin and Tarim Basin. From the 7th to 9th century, during the last 160 years, the Tang Dynasty invested a large number of military forces in the area around Tarim, effectively containing the invasion of nomadic tribes such as Tubo, and ensuring the long-term stability of the Western region. Since the establishment of the Tang Dynasty in 618, the political pattern in Asia has gradually changed. On the one hand, the empire of the Great Tang Dynasty has been rising constantly, on the other hand, the hegemony of the Turkic in the north has gradually declined due to the internal division. The victory of the Tang Dynasty over the East Turkic War directly opened the way to the Western region. The setting up of Iraq, the second state of the West and the Anxi capital initially laid the foundation for the garrison pattern around the Tarim region in the Tang Dynasty. In 634, the conflict between the Tang Dynasty and the Tubo officially broke out, and thereafter, Tubo gradually became the biggest threat to the western and northern borders of the Tang Dynasty. The region around Tarim had an extremely important strategic position for both Tang Dynasty and Tubo. Since the middle of the 7th century, the two sides have been fighting for a long time, and Anxi four towns have been abandoned several times. Until 692 Wang Xiaojie recovered the four towns, the Tang Dynasty further strengthened the Tarim area around the cloth. In the following nearly a century, the establishment of Anxi du and Anxi four towns (later renamed Anxi Node and four towns) was never interrupted, and the purpose of "breaking the left arm of Tubo" was achieved in a certain period. Tang Dynasty in the Tarim area around the cloth system is reasonable. On the one hand, in the eastern part of the country, the western states, towns, garrisons, post stations, beacons, etc., are particularly widely distributed, which shows the convenient transportation in this region, the combination of abundant local sources of soldiers and extensive cantonment of fields. Preliminary conclusion: West state is the rear base of the garrison strategy around Tarim region. On the other hand, in the Tarim Basin, including Anxi du Fufu and some parts of Shazhou, large military towns and garrisons are widely distributed. As this place is located in a key area north of Tubo, the Tang Dynasty set up Zhujun towns, including Anxi four towns, here. Therefore, the local area has become a frontier position to prevent Tubo from invading the Western region and to prevent the combination of Tubo and Turkic. The garrison pattern around Tarim region in Tang Dynasty is of practical significance to the governance of Xinjiang. In the new era, southern Xinjiang has become the focus of Xinjiang stability, sufficient armed forces is an important guarantee of stability in southern Xinjiang. At the same time, the practice has proved that the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps can effectively deal with the new characteristics of contemporary Xinjiang splittism and violent terrorist incidents, and has an irreplaceable role in promoting Xinjiang's stability and long-term stability. Therefore, we should persist in the development of the Corps and give full play to its role in maintaining stability and garrisoning the border. In particular, it is necessary to further improve the layout of the Southern Xinjiang Corps, strengthen the armed forces of the Southern Xinjiang Corps, and speed up the urbanization process of the Southern Xinjiang Corps.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K242;D691
本文编号：2390076
[Abstract]:In ancient Xinjiang, a closed area surrounded by the Silk Road Middle Road and the Silk Road South Road, that is, the Tarim region, mainly refers to the southern and eastern Xinjiang areas south of the Tianshan Mountains. The geographical areas mainly include the Hami Basin and the Turpan Basin. Yanqi Basin and Tarim Basin. From the 7th to 9th century, during the last 160 years, the Tang Dynasty invested a large number of military forces in the area around Tarim, effectively containing the invasion of nomadic tribes such as Tubo, and ensuring the long-term stability of the Western region. Since the establishment of the Tang Dynasty in 618, the political pattern in Asia has gradually changed. On the one hand, the empire of the Great Tang Dynasty has been rising constantly, on the other hand, the hegemony of the Turkic in the north has gradually declined due to the internal division. The victory of the Tang Dynasty over the East Turkic War directly opened the way to the Western region. The setting up of Iraq, the second state of the West and the Anxi capital initially laid the foundation for the garrison pattern around the Tarim region in the Tang Dynasty. In 634, the conflict between the Tang Dynasty and the Tubo officially broke out, and thereafter, Tubo gradually became the biggest threat to the western and northern borders of the Tang Dynasty. The region around Tarim had an extremely important strategic position for both Tang Dynasty and Tubo. Since the middle of the 7th century, the two sides have been fighting for a long time, and Anxi four towns have been abandoned several times. Until 692 Wang Xiaojie recovered the four towns, the Tang Dynasty further strengthened the Tarim area around the cloth. In the following nearly a century, the establishment of Anxi du and Anxi four towns (later renamed Anxi Node and four towns) was never interrupted, and the purpose of "breaking the left arm of Tubo" was achieved in a certain period. Tang Dynasty in the Tarim area around the cloth system is reasonable. On the one hand, in the eastern part of the country, the western states, towns, garrisons, post stations, beacons, etc., are particularly widely distributed, which shows the convenient transportation in this region, the combination of abundant local sources of soldiers and extensive cantonment of fields. Preliminary conclusion: West state is the rear base of the garrison strategy around Tarim region. On the other hand, in the Tarim Basin, including Anxi du Fufu and some parts of Shazhou, large military towns and garrisons are widely distributed. As this place is located in a key area north of Tubo, the Tang Dynasty set up Zhujun towns, including Anxi four towns, here. Therefore, the local area has become a frontier position to prevent Tubo from invading the Western region and to prevent the combination of Tubo and Turkic. The garrison pattern around Tarim region in Tang Dynasty is of practical significance to the governance of Xinjiang. In the new era, southern Xinjiang has become the focus of Xinjiang stability, sufficient armed forces is an important guarantee of stability in southern Xinjiang. At the same time, the practice has proved that the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps can effectively deal with the new characteristics of contemporary Xinjiang splittism and violent terrorist incidents, and has an irreplaceable role in promoting Xinjiang's stability and long-term stability. Therefore, we should persist in the development of the Corps and give full play to its role in maintaining stability and garrisoning the border. In particular, it is necessary to further improve the layout of the Southern Xinjiang Corps, strengthen the armed forces of the Southern Xinjiang Corps, and speed up the urbanization process of the Southern Xinjiang Corps.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K242;D691
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 孟宪实;;于阗:从镇戍到军镇的演变[J];北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2012年04期
2 陈国灿;;唐安西四镇中“镇”的变化[J];西域研究;2008年04期
3 刘再聪;;唐四镇地区基层行政治理研究——以于阗、龟兹两地村坊制度为中心的考察[J];西域研究;2008年03期
，本文编号：2390076
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/guojiguanxi/2390076.html
