石家庄市民办养老机构发展问题研究

发布时间：2019-01-12 09:23

【摘要】：我国人口老龄化速度不断加快,高龄化、失能化和空巢化特点明显,加之家庭规模、生活方式的变化,家庭结构不断小型化,传统的居家养老模式难以满足老人的养老服务需求,越来越多的老人选择养老机构安度晚年生活。本文立足于这一社会背景,以福利多元主义理论和第三方管理理论为基础,研究石家庄市民办养老机构。以石家庄市五城区为调查范围,选取了规模和特点不同的7家民办养老机构,对样本民办养老机构基础设施的配备、收费标准和膳食服务情况、护理人员情况、医疗服务水平和资金管理情况进行调查,了解石家庄市民办养老机构的发展现状。通过问卷形式对部分入住老人进行调查,主要了解老人在民办养老机构内的休闲娱乐需求、人文关怀需求、生活照料需求以及医疗服务需求状况,并调查老人对民办养老机构的服务内容、设施配备和护理人员的满意度。结果发现,老人在民办养老机构内的需求并没有得到完全满足,虽然老人对民办养老机构的总体满意度较高,但是对机构内的具体服务细节还存在不满意的现象。在了解民办养老机构发展现状和入住老人需求意愿的基础上,对民办养老机构的收费标准、服务内容、基础设施和护理人员进行了供需适应性的分析,发现民办养老机构在运营中存在诸多问题,如服务水平和服务质量不高、医疗服务水平有限、缺乏保险机制和对老人的人文关怀及心理安慰,而出现这些问题的原因是多方面的,包括政府政策落实不到位、管理监督机制不完善、机构自身定位不准确、养老服务队伍建设不完善以及法律法规不健全。针对石家庄市民办养老机构存在的问题,从政府、机构自身以及社会三方面提出了相应的改善对策:政府要进一步完善民办养老机构的发展政策、完善管理监督机制、加强养老服务队伍建设;民办养老机构自身要明确定位、完善基础设施的配置、提高护理人员的护理技能和工资待遇、融入对老人的人文关怀理念;社会方面需要老人及其家人、社会各界组织提高对民办养老机构的认同感,通过多方面的共同努力,改善石家庄市民办养老机构的经营现状,发挥民办养老机构的社会福利性质,分担社会养老负担。
[Abstract]:The aging of the population in China is accelerating, and the aging, incapacitating and empty-nesting characteristics are evident. In addition to the changes in family size and lifestyle, the family structure is constantly miniaturizing. The traditional home pension model is difficult to meet the needs of the elderly, and more old people choose pension institutions to live in their twilight years. Based on the social background and the theory of welfare pluralism and third party management, this paper studies the private pension institutions in Shijiazhuang. Taking the Wucheng District of Shijiazhuang City as the investigation scope, 7 private pension institutions with different scale and characteristics were selected to provide the infrastructure, charge standard, meal service and nursing staff for the sample private pension institutions. The level of medical service and fund management were investigated to understand the development of private pension institutions in Shijiazhuang. Through the investigation of some old people in the form of questionnaire, we can find out the leisure and entertainment needs, humanistic care needs, life care needs and medical service demand of the elderly in the private pension institutions. The service contents, facilities and nursing staff satisfaction of private pension institutions were investigated. The results show that the needs of the elderly in the private pension institutions are not fully satisfied. Although the elderly have a higher overall satisfaction with the private pension institutions, there is still a phenomenon of dissatisfaction with the specific service details in the institutions. On the basis of understanding the current situation of the development of the private old-age care institutions and their willingness to stay in the elderly, the paper analyzes the supply and demand adaptability of the private pension institutions in terms of their charging standards, service content, infrastructure and nursing personnel. It is found that there are many problems in the operation of private pension institutions, such as low service level and service quality, limited medical service level, lack of insurance mechanism, humanistic care and psychological comfort for the elderly. The reasons for these problems are various, including the implementation of government policy is not in place, the management and supervision mechanism is not perfect, the organization's own positioning is not accurate, the construction of pension service team is not perfect, and the laws and regulations are not perfect. In view of the problems existing in private pension institutions in Shijiazhuang City, this paper puts forward corresponding improvement countermeasures from three aspects: government, institutions themselves and society: the government should further improve the development policy of private pension institutions, and improve the management and supervision mechanism. Strengthening the construction of pension service team; Private pension institutions themselves should clearly position, improve the allocation of infrastructure, improve nursing skills and wages of nursing staff, and integrate the humanistic care for the elderly; The society needs the elderly and their families, social organizations from all walks of life to improve the sense of identity of the private pension institutions, through the joint efforts of many aspects, improve the management of private pension institutions in Shijiazhuang City, Give play to the social welfare nature of private pension institutions, sharing the burden of social pension.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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