转型中国的社区治理:国家治理的基石

发布时间：2019-01-18 10:37

【摘要】：在中国,社区治理位于国家治理体系的末梢,是国家治理的基石,关乎国家治理能力与治理体系现代化的基层基础。国家力量、社会组织、市场力量与居民等多元主体都参与社区治理,形成社区治理的多元互动局面。国家力量是社区治理的主导性要素。社区治理是从单位中国到社区中国国家治理转型的缩影。社区中国的到来,要求国家治理的重心下沉到社区,转型中国的社区治理是国家治理与社会治理的缩小,国家治理与社会治理是社区治理的放大。社会组织参与社会治理达成社区治理专业化。企业依凭自身的专业技能、组织团队、参与式方法与创意,通过两类原理、三种要素、八大路径、四类机制参与社区治理,使中国的社区治理出现从依靠"居委会大妈"的个体经验治理向借助社会组织的专业化治理的方向转变。市场力量参与社区治理达成社区治理公益化。企业通过"进"城乡社区与"建"城乡社区的方式,将企业的各项资源投入社区,使资本在社区发生公益化"大转型",在深度与广度上促使社区治理的提升。居民参与社区治理达成社区治理参与化。居民通过制度维度的"三驾马车"与空间维度的"楼组自治",以居民公约为基础,借助议事会、评议会、听证会、协调会等制度载体,逐步完善社区治理体系。社区治理的三大取向使其最终向社区善治迈进。
[Abstract]:In China, community governance lies in the end of national governance system, is the cornerstone of national governance, and relates to the basic level foundation of national governance capacity and modernization of governance system. Multiple subjects, such as national power, social organization, market force and residents, all participate in community governance and form a multi-interactive situation of community governance. National power is the dominant element of community governance. Community governance is the epitome of the transformation from unit China to community China. The arrival of community China requires the center of national governance to sink to the community, the transformation of China's community governance is the reduction of national governance and social governance, national governance and social governance is the magnification of community governance. Social organizations participate in social governance to achieve community governance specialization. Enterprises rely on their own professional skills, team organization, participatory methods and creativity, through two principles, three elements, eight paths, four mechanisms to participate in community governance, So that the community governance in China has changed from the individual experience governance relying on the "neighborhood committee aunt" to the professional governance with the help of social organizations. Market forces participate in community governance to achieve community governance commonweal. Through the way of "entering" urban and rural communities and "building" urban and rural communities, enterprises put all kinds of enterprise resources into the community, so that the capital in the community can be "transformed into public good" and promote the improvement of community governance in depth and breadth. Residents participate in community governance to achieve community governance participation. Through the "troika" of the institutional dimension and the "building group autonomy" of the spatial dimension, residents take the residents' convention as the basis, and gradually improve the community governance system with the help of institutional carriers such as the council, the hearing, the coordination and so on. The three orientations of community governance make it to the community good governance.
【作者单位】：复旦大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：复旦大学社会科学高等研究院和复旦大学当代中国研究中心2016年“年度主题”研究项目 “上海市高峰学科建设”资助项目成果之一上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“上海近郊城镇化进程中的‘镇管社区’与社区治理体系研究”(项目批准号:2015EZZ002)的资助
【分类号】：D669.3

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