中国知识分子视域下人文精神的重构

发布时间：2019-05-24 08:48

【摘要】：现代化的浪潮席卷了全球,先进的科学技术和高速的经济增长使人类的物质生活达到了空前的水平,感官享受得到了空前的满足。与此同时,全球出现了前所未有的危机:生态环境恶化,人口大爆炸,片面追求经济高速增长,社会冲突不断,人的精神无处安放等。因此关注人本身,赋予基本价值以新的含义,并与我国现实相结合,是这一时代急需解决的难题。本文从知识分子和人文精神的理论切入,将知识分子界定为具有高等学历及同等学历的人,并提出新人文精神是新的精神追求,新的方法论,更是对人性的平衡和弥补。知识分子是人文精神担当和传播的主体。当下中国无论从社会层面还是知识分子层面,重构人文精神都是极其必要的,因为这两个层面人文精神失落的表现明显。而人文精神社会层面失落的原因可以归结为:精英文化中人文精神的衰落,“五四”运动对文化的割裂,市场经济对人文精神的消解,教育的功利化;知识分子内部人文精神失落的原因可归结为:知识分子思想缺乏独立,知识分子未能适应现代化浪潮,人文和科学的分裂。重构人文精神,首先要重构人文精神的价值追求。社会自由和精神自由的和谐共融,以人为本的公平,互惠精神的包容和妥协,以理节欲、合度为上,公民权利意识都是当下社会呼唤的人文精神。人文精神在现实中要得以重构,要保障社会维度的思想和言论的自由,教育的公平和人文、科学的平衡,发挥媒体传播的正面作用,提供制度支撑,使财富社会化;在知识分子维度要扩大人文知识分子的生存空间,保持知识分子思想的独立性,在人文视域下升华科技知识分子的理性。
[Abstract]:The wave of modernization has swept the world, advanced science and technology and high-speed economic growth have made human material life reach an unprecedented level, sensory enjoyment has been unprecedented satisfaction. At the same time, there is an unprecedented crisis in the world: deterioration of the ecological environment, population explosion, one-sided pursuit of rapid economic growth, continuous social conflicts, nowhere to put the human spirit and so on. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to pay attention to people themselves, to give new meaning to the basic value, and to combine with the reality of our country. Based on the theory of intellectuals and humanistic spirit, this paper defines intellectuals as people with higher education and equivalent education, and puts forward that the new humanistic spirit is a new spiritual pursuit, a new methodology, and a balance and compensation for human nature. Intellectuals are the main body of humanistic spirit. At present, it is extremely necessary to reconstruct humanistic spirit from both social and intellectual levels, because the loss of humanistic spirit at these two levels is obvious. The reasons for the loss of humanistic spirit can be summed up as follows: the decline of humanistic spirit in elite culture, the separation of culture by the May 4th Movement, the digestion of humanistic spirit by market economy, and the utilitarian nature of education. The reasons for the loss of humanistic spirit within intellectuals can be summed up as follows: the lack of independence of intellectuals, the failure of intellectuals to adapt to the wave of modernization, and the division of humanities and science. In order to reconstruct the humanistic spirit, we should first reconstruct the value pursuit of the humanistic spirit. The harmonious integration of social freedom and spiritual freedom, people-oriented fairness, tolerance and compromise in the spirit of reciprocity, and the sense of civil rights are the humanistic spirit called for by the current society. The humanistic spirit should be reconstructed in reality, the freedom of thought and speech in the social dimension should be guaranteed, the fairness and humanities of education should be balanced, the positive role of media communication should be brought into play, the system support should be provided, and the wealth should be socialized. In the dimension of intellectuals, we should expand the living space of humanistic intellectuals, maintain the independence of intellectuals' thought, and sublimate the rationality of scientific and technological intellectuals from the perspective of humanities.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D663.5

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