河南宋金元寺庙建筑分期研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 21:24

本文选题：河南　切入点：宋金元　出处：《北京大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：崇宁二年（1103），北宋政府在其政治中心——东京开封府（今河南开封市）刊行了《营造法式》，故河南现存的早期建筑与《营造法式》应存在密切关联。河南地处中原，是中原北方广大地区间关联、互动的重要环节。对该地区宋金元寺庙建筑的分期研究，有助于我们认识中原北方地区早期木构建筑的渊源流变。本文以实地田野考察获取的建筑形制信息及金石题记等第一手材料为主要依据，选择具有较清晰纪年、现状保存较好、后代扰动少、建筑形制典型的木构建筑实例作为形制标尺案例进行个案研究，分析史料、考证年代、明确建筑形制、进行原构解析。再辅以纪年砖室墓、砖石塔等仿木构材料中所见的建筑形制，在历史时期考古学基本原理的指导下进行单体建筑形制分期。以此为基础探讨区域流布及《营造法式》的产生等相关问题。依据建筑形制标尺案例及纪年仿木构材料中所见的建筑形制，可将河南宋金元时期建筑形制的演变分为四期。其中宋末本地建筑形制变化显著，金、元时期则较缓慢，，多属装饰性的变化，与《营造法式》相符的建筑形制得以在本地延续较长时间。伴随装饰性的增强，元代末年呈现出向明清地方建筑演变的特征。在与周边地区建筑形制的比较中，河南与山东地区建筑形制关系密切，而与晋南、晋东南等地差异显著。《营造法式》刊行后，河南建筑形制逐步对晋东南、晋南等地产生影响，成为中原北方地区建筑形制演变的重要动因。同时河南也受到周边地区一定程度的影响。《营造法式》的产生与河南本地建筑密不可分。通过形制分期和地区比较，可知法式规定的主流建筑形制在其刊行前的河南本地或周边地区多有存在。《营造法式》的编修充分吸收了河南本地建筑的形制特征，具有深刻的本地根源。
[Abstract]:In Chongning two years ago, the government of the Northern Song Dynasty published "creating French style" in its political center, Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province), so the existing early buildings in Henan should be closely related to "building French style". Henan is located in the Central Plains. It is an important link in the connection and interaction between the vast areas of the northern part of Central Plains. The study on the temple architecture of Song, Jin and Yuan in this area by stages is helpful to us to understand the origin and evolution of the early wood-structure architecture in the northern part of the Central Plains. Based on the firsthand materials such as building shape information and inscription of gold and stone, this paper chooses a clear chronology, the present situation is better preserved, and the future generations are less disturbed. A case study of a typical wooden structure of architectural form as a case study of a scale, analysis of historical data, textual research, determination of architectural form, analysis of the original structure, and then a tomb with a brick room for chronology, Under the guidance of the basic principles of archaeology in the historical period, the architectural shapes of the wooden imitating materials such as brick and stone towers are divided into two stages. Based on this, the problems related to the regional distribution and the creation of the French style are discussed. According to the case of architectural form scale and the architectural shape system seen in chronological wood-like materials, the evolution of architectural form in Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties in Henan Province can be divided into four periods, in which the changes of local architectural forms in the late Song Dynasty and the Jin and Yuan dynasties are remarkable, while the periods of Jin and Yuan dynasties are relatively slow. Most of them belong to decorative changes, and the architectural form consistent with "creating French style" can last for a long time in the local areas. With the enhancement of decorative nature, the late Yuan Dynasty showed the characteristics of evolution to the local architecture in Ming and Qing dynasties. In the comparison with the surrounding architectural form, Henan and Shandong are closely related to the architectural form, while there are significant differences with the south of Shanxi and southeast of Shanxi. After the publication of the French style of Construction, the architectural form of Henan gradually affects the southeast of Shanxi. The influence of southern Shanxi and other places has become an important reason for the evolution of architectural form in the northern part of Central Plains, and Henan is also affected to some extent by the surrounding areas. The emergence of "creating French style" is closely related to the local buildings in Henan Province. It can be seen that most of the mainstream architectural forms of the French style existed in the local or surrounding areas of Henan before their publication. The compilation of "creating French style" fully absorbed the shape characteristics of local buildings in Henan, and had profound local roots.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878.6

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