榆林军事防御体系资源的整合及保护

发布时间：2018-11-21 12:27

【摘要】： 榆林处于我国农牧交错地带,历来是军事交集的地段。历史上这里经常作为打开通往中原的门户和用兵通道；中原王朝则不遗余力在这里修筑长城、城堡,设置关隘,屯兵扼守。明清形成了由长城、烽燧、寨堡、关隘的那个构成的严密的军事防御体系。防御体系资源呈现出时间跨度大、空间沿线长的特点。这条防御沿线资源种类较多,层级丰富。不只有防御工事类的物质文化遗产,还包括有括筑城技术、寨堡选址和战略策略等非物质文化遗产,承载着多民族相互学习、相互交融的文化统一的历史文脉,具有很高的文化价值。但是由于“点多线长”、跨群山、经荒漠、穿城乡、过村镇,且年代久远,疏于维护,加上自然风化侵蚀和人为毁损破坏,仅遗留下为数不多的残迹,基于资源的整合及适宜的保护研究势在必然。文章主要首先论述榆林军事地理基础、历史沿革及军事地位,进而分析其多层次、网络化、依山就势、屯兵驻堡的防御特征,总结其防御体系资源的构成和分布特征。从整合的概念和方法入手,在分析了整合应当注意的问题后,借鉴文化线路的概念,根据资源散点多布、分布不均、年代久远、遗址残缺等特征,提出榆林防御体系资源作为构建文化线路的价值。以时间线索为视角,对秦汉、战国、魏晋南北朝、隋唐、明清各时期的文化线路、包含范围、文化作用、遗址分布作出整合。同时,以空间分布为基础,根据各级资源分布不均的特点,采用“点—线—面”的文化线路整合。本文以当今世界文化遗产价值判定、保护理论与方法的视角,对榆林军事防御体系资源进行遗产价值评判。再根据现状调查和文献分析,对各级资源的统计、环境现状、管理现状做以分析,依据整体性、原真性、可持续发展的保护原则对现存资源进行分类保护,并从宏观、中观、微观三层级提出保护策略。论文的创新点在于：第一,对榆林军事防御体系资源根据“文化线路”的概念进行时间关联和空间关联的整合。第二,对榆林军事防御体系资源作出价值评判,将资源分类分级,从宏观、中观、微观三个层面提出保护建议。
[Abstract]:Yulin is located in the ecotone of agriculture and animal husbandry, and has always been a military intersection. Historically, it was often used as a gateway to the Central Plains, and the Central Plains Dynasty spared no effort to build the Great Wall, castles, passes and garrisons. The Ming and Qing dynasties formed a tight military defense system made up of the Great Wall, Feng Sui, Zhai Fort and pass. Defense system resources show a long time span, long space along the characteristics. There are many kinds of resources along this defense line, rich in levels. It is not only the material and cultural heritage of fortifications, but also the intangible cultural heritage, including the technology of building a city, the site selection and strategic strategy of a fortress, bearing the historical context of the cultural unity of learning and blending of different nationalities. Have very high cultural value. But because of the "long points and lines", the crossing of mountains, the passage of deserts, the passage of towns and villages, and the old age and neglect of maintenance, coupled with natural weathering and man-made destruction, only a few remnants have been left behind. Based on the integration of resources and appropriate conservation research potential is inevitable. This paper mainly discusses the military geographical basis, historical evolution and military status of Yulin, and then analyzes its multi-level, network-based, the defense characteristics of the mountain and the garrison, and summarizes the composition and distribution of its defense system resources. Starting with the concept and method of integration, after analyzing the problems that should be paid attention to in integration, the author draws lessons from the concept of cultural route, and according to the characteristics of multiple scattered points of resources, uneven distribution, old age, incomplete ruins, etc. This paper puts forward the value of Yulin defense system resources as the construction of cultural lines. From the perspective of time clues, this paper integrates the cultural routes of Qin and Han dynasties, warring States, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, Sui and Tang dynasties, and Ming and Qing dynasties, including the scope, the role of culture and the distribution of sites. At the same time, on the basis of spatial distribution and according to the characteristics of uneven distribution of resources at all levels, the cultural route of "point-line-surface" is adopted. This paper evaluates the heritage value of Yulin military defense system from the perspective of world cultural heritage value judgment, protection theory and method. Then, according to the current investigation and literature analysis, the statistics of resources at all levels, environmental status, and management status are analyzed. According to the protection principles of integrity, authenticity and sustainable development, the existing resources are classified and protected from the macro and meso level. Three levels of microcosmic protection strategies are proposed. The innovation of this paper is as follows: first, the integration of the resources of Yulin military defense system according to the concept of "cultural line" is carried out in time and space. Secondly, the value evaluation of Yulin military defense system resources is made, the resources are classified and classified, and protection suggestions are put forward from three aspects: macro, meso and micro.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K878

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