甲骨卜辞所见商王国对外战争过程及行为的研究
发布时间：2019-02-27 17:08
【摘要】： 自1899年甲骨文发现以来,经过几代学者的努力,使甲骨学日益发展成为一门国际性显学。一百多年来,学者们对甲骨学研究的深度、广度都在不断扩大,所出成果颇多。甲骨文虽属于卜辞性质,但所记内容丰富多彩,涉及了当时社会生活的方方面面。其中战争卜辞所占比重较大,可谓甲骨文的重要内容之一。综观前人对商代战争的研究成果,大多是针对某一方国或某一战争的研究,或者是对商代战争相关问题的总体性概述,而对于商王国对外战争过程的研究却很少,战争行为这一领域更是少有涉足。基于该课题的重要性,本文将在前人成果基础之上尝试着作进一步研究,试图借助甲骨卜辞和古文献的相关记载及安阳殷墟的一些考古发掘材料,从多角度探讨商王国对外战争过程及一些相关战争行为,从而复原出一幅完整的商王国对外战争画面。 本文分为绪论、正文和结语三大部分共五章。 在第一章绪论部分中,首先提出了商代军事或战争这一课题的研究难度和研究方法。随后借助王宇信先生对甲骨学发展史的分期,把商代军事或战争研究历程划分成与之对应的三个阶段,分别举出了各个阶段有代表性的研究成果。 正文部分包括第二章、第三章和第四章。第二章主要是对商王国对外战争相关问题做了一下总体概述,例如商王国对外战争的性质、目的、对象、规模和意义,以及商王国军队的组成、编制、将领、兵种、装备和训练等。第三章是本文的重点之一,也是创新之处。在该章中笔者比较系统而完整地提出了甲骨材料所反映的商王国对外战争过程,将其分为战争前、战争中和战争后三个阶段共十五个环节,每一环节均引用甲骨卜辞、古文献记载或考古发掘材料加以论证。第四章也是本文的主要创新之处,笔者首次对商代战争行为进行了尝试性研究,并列举出了一些甲骨卜辞或商代金文中所见到的商王国对外战争行为。 第五章结语部分是对全文的概括总结。揭示了商王国是通过战争才得以建立王朝和维护统治的,商王武丁也是通过对众多敌对方国或部落的征伐才使得商王朝的统治更加稳固并达到了空前的盛世。此外,还阐明了战争过程和战争行为的关系,指出长期的战争耗尽了商王国的实力是导致其灭亡的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of oracle bone inscription in 1899, oracle bone science has developed into an international and prominent science day by day through the efforts of several generations of scholars. For more than one hundred years, the depth and breadth of the study of oracle bone science have been expanding, and a lot of achievements have been made. Oracle bone inscription belongs to the character of inscription, but the content of the inscription is rich and colorful, involving all aspects of social life at that time. Among them, war inscription accounts for a large proportion, can be described as one of the important content of oracle bone inscription. Looking back at the achievements of previous research on the war of Shang Dynasty, most of them are aimed at one country or a certain war, or the general summary of the related problems of the war of Shang Dynasty, but the research on the process of foreign war of Shang Kingdom is very little. Acts of war are rarely involved in this field. Based on the importance of this subject, this paper will try to make further research on the basis of previous achievements, trying to use the related records of oracle bone inscriptions and ancient documents and some archaeological excavations of Anyang Yin ruins. In order to recover a complete picture of Shang Kingdom's foreign war, this paper discusses the foreign war process of Shang Kingdom and some related war acts from many angles. This article is divided into the introduction, the text and the conclusion three parts altogether five chapters. In the introduction part of the first chapter, the difficulty and method of military or war research in Shang Dynasty are put forward. Then, with the help of Wang Yuxin's staging of oracle bone science development history, the research course of military or war in Shang Dynasty is divided into three corresponding stages, and the representative research results of each stage are listed respectively. The body part includes chapter two, chapter three and chapter four. The second chapter mainly gives a general overview of the foreign wars of the Shang Kingdom, such as the nature, purpose, object, size and significance of the Shang Kingdom's foreign wars, as well as the composition, establishment, generals and types of the Shang Kingdom's army. Equipment and training, etc. The third chapter is one of the focal points of this paper, and it is also the place of innovation. In this chapter, the author systematically and completely puts forward the process of the Shang Kingdom's foreign war, which is reflected by the oracle bone materials, and divides it into 15 links: before, during and after the war, each of which quotes oracle bone inscriptions. Ancient literature records or archaeological excavation materials to be demonstrated. The fourth chapter is also the main innovation of this paper, the author for the first time conducted a tentative study of the Shang Dynasty war behavior, and enumerated some oracle inscriptions or Shang Dynasty Jin Wen see the Shang Kingdom foreign war behavior. The conclusion of the fifth chapter is a summary of the full text. It is revealed that the Shang dynasty was established and maintained through the war, and that the Shang dynasty was more stable and achieved unprecedented prosperity through the conquest of many enemy countries or tribes. In addition, the relationship between the course of war and the conduct of war is clarified, and it is pointed out that long-term war has exhausted the strength of the Shang Kingdom as the main cause of its demise.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K877.1
本文编号：2431453
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of oracle bone inscription in 1899, oracle bone science has developed into an international and prominent science day by day through the efforts of several generations of scholars. For more than one hundred years, the depth and breadth of the study of oracle bone science have been expanding, and a lot of achievements have been made. Oracle bone inscription belongs to the character of inscription, but the content of the inscription is rich and colorful, involving all aspects of social life at that time. Among them, war inscription accounts for a large proportion, can be described as one of the important content of oracle bone inscription. Looking back at the achievements of previous research on the war of Shang Dynasty, most of them are aimed at one country or a certain war, or the general summary of the related problems of the war of Shang Dynasty, but the research on the process of foreign war of Shang Kingdom is very little. Acts of war are rarely involved in this field. Based on the importance of this subject, this paper will try to make further research on the basis of previous achievements, trying to use the related records of oracle bone inscriptions and ancient documents and some archaeological excavations of Anyang Yin ruins. In order to recover a complete picture of Shang Kingdom's foreign war, this paper discusses the foreign war process of Shang Kingdom and some related war acts from many angles. This article is divided into the introduction, the text and the conclusion three parts altogether five chapters. In the introduction part of the first chapter, the difficulty and method of military or war research in Shang Dynasty are put forward. Then, with the help of Wang Yuxin's staging of oracle bone science development history, the research course of military or war in Shang Dynasty is divided into three corresponding stages, and the representative research results of each stage are listed respectively. The body part includes chapter two, chapter three and chapter four. The second chapter mainly gives a general overview of the foreign wars of the Shang Kingdom, such as the nature, purpose, object, size and significance of the Shang Kingdom's foreign wars, as well as the composition, establishment, generals and types of the Shang Kingdom's army. Equipment and training, etc. The third chapter is one of the focal points of this paper, and it is also the place of innovation. In this chapter, the author systematically and completely puts forward the process of the Shang Kingdom's foreign war, which is reflected by the oracle bone materials, and divides it into 15 links: before, during and after the war, each of which quotes oracle bone inscriptions. Ancient literature records or archaeological excavation materials to be demonstrated. The fourth chapter is also the main innovation of this paper, the author for the first time conducted a tentative study of the Shang Dynasty war behavior, and enumerated some oracle inscriptions or Shang Dynasty Jin Wen see the Shang Kingdom foreign war behavior. The conclusion of the fifth chapter is a summary of the full text. It is revealed that the Shang dynasty was established and maintained through the war, and that the Shang dynasty was more stable and achieved unprecedented prosperity through the conquest of many enemy countries or tribes. In addition, the relationship between the course of war and the conduct of war is clarified, and it is pointed out that long-term war has exhausted the strength of the Shang Kingdom as the main cause of its demise.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K877.1
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 杨谦;商代中原地区建筑类祭祀研究[D];山东大学;2012年
2 杨柳;商王婚姻研究[D];苏州大学;2012年
，本文编号：2431453
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