胡乔木晚年对中共重大政治理论问题的研究和再认识

发布时间：2018-06-07 06:55

本文选题：胡乔木晚年 + 中共　；参考：《河北师范大学》2008年博士论文

【摘要】： 本文就胡乔木晚年对中国共产党的重大政治理论问题的贡献进行了系统地梳理和研究。胡乔木晚年处在中国哲学社会科学舞台的中心,也处在中国共产党重大政治理论问题的决策中心,这两个中心的特殊地位使他能够从中国政治的全局来思考和研究中共的重大政治理论问题。而作为一个党史专家、百科全书式的学者使他又能够对中共的重大政治理论问题从学术的角度来审视。较高的马克思主义理论素养、渊博的知识底蕴、特殊的地位、多重的身份使他对中共重大政治理论的研究不仅有政治的高度,而且有理论的深度。本文试图从中国改革开放的大背景,通过对胡乔木晚年的政治理论观点的梳理,来窥视中国共产党关于中国特色社会主义理论的创立、形成、发展变化的轨迹,并试图以本文的研究成果为中国特色社会主义理论体系的深入研究提供一点参考。该文以基本的事实为依据,以历史主义的态度为准绳,以研究胡乔木晚年对中共重大政治理论贡献为切入点,全面系统地梳理和评析胡乔木晚年关于对坚持和发展党的指导思想—马克思主义、毛泽东思想的新认识;关于对什么是社会主义和如何建设社会主义的新思考;关于对社会主义时期党的“左”倾错误的新探讨;关于对人道主义和异化问题、新的治史理念、文艺与政治的关系问题的研究和再认识;评议他的新认识的理论意义和现实意义。既充分肯定他的理论贡献,也不粉饰其存在的缺陷和偏颇。第一章,胡乔木晚年对党的指导思想的新认识。第一,关于坚持和发展马克思主义的新分析。阐述了胡乔木晚年所强调的从四个方面即坚持马克思主义的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观和方法论、坚持社会主义并最终实现共产主义的奋斗目标、坚持为无产阶级和最广大人民群众谋利益的无产阶级学说和随着实践的发展而发展的马克思主义的理论品质来理解坚持马克思主义的精神实质问题;阐释了他关于马克思主义如何与中国革命和建设的实际相结合从而使马克思主义得到发展的新见解;梳理了他关于马克思主义与毛泽东思想、毛泽东思想与新时期的方针路线即邓小平理论之间继承和发展的关系的新认识;概述了他对中国共产党在十二个方面发展马克思主义的具体内容的新总结;阐述了他关于新时期加强马克思主义研究的新思考。第二,关于坚持和发展毛泽东思想的新见解。全面阐述了胡乔木晚年对毛泽东历史地位的客观评价和对坚持毛泽东思想的新论述;综合梳理了他提出的要把毛泽东思想与毛泽东的思想、毛泽东思想与毛泽东的晚年错误严格区分开来的新主张及对毛泽东思想内涵的新界定;客观地介绍了他提出的实事求是、群众路线、独立自主、自力更生是毛泽东思想灵魂的三个基本点的新见解;实事求是地分析了他关于对毛泽东思想既要坚持又要发展的新论述;并从国际国内大视野就其对中共指导思想新见解的理论价值和现实意义进行了实事求是的评议。第二章,胡乔木晚年对社会主义基本理论问题的新探讨。阐述了胡乔木晚年对我国改革开放前社会主义观的反思;梳理了他提出的社会主义与资本主义有双重关系以及建设社会主义必须向资本主义学习的新主张;概述了其对中国特色社会主义内涵的新见解;解析了他对社会主义的新认识;对胡乔木的有关新探讨进行了实事求是的评议。第三章,胡乔木晚年对如何建设社会主义的新认识。第一,关于社会主义经济建设。梳理了胡乔木从理论和实践两方面对我国改革开放前经济建设上的失误所进行的系统反思;阐释了他提出的新时期社会主义经济建设的新主张;第二,关于社会主义的民主建设。从社会主义民主的地位、民主的内涵、民主的实现形式、正确处理民主问题的几个关系等方面阐述了胡乔木的社会主义民主观;第三,关于社会主义精神文明建设。全面分析了胡乔木关于社会主义精神文明的地位、内涵、与物质文明的关系、精神文明建设的核心等方面的新主张。通过对社会主义经济、民主、精神文明建设三个方面的研究,全面阐述了胡乔木晚年的社会主义建设观,回答了在如何建设社会主义的问题上,胡乔木晚年的新探索。并就有关新认识对创立和完善中国特色社会主义的理论价值和现实意义进行了评议。第四,胡乔木晚年对党的“左”倾错误的新分析。全面阐述了胡乔木对“文化大革命”发生的原因、“文化大革命”的性质、“文化大革命”的教训的新论述以及对“无产阶级专政下继续革命”理论的剖析和否定;系统梳理了胡乔木晚年关于社会主义社会阶级斗争的作用、存在的范围、评价标准以及正确区分和处理社会主义时期两类不同性质矛盾等一系列问题上的新见解;阐释了他晚年关于党的历史不能简化为路线斗争史、倡导用两种趋势来分析党的历史的新观点;概述了他晚年对中共犯“二十年左倾”错误原因的新探讨;评议了其新见解对中共在理论和实践上实现拨乱反正的现实意义。第五,胡乔木晚年对其他重大理论问题的研究。阐述了他对人道主义和异化问题的理论探讨;关于对文艺与政治关系的新见解;关于对中共治史理念的新主张;分析了其新观点的理论意义和现实指导意义。余论。就胡乔木晚年对中共重大政治理论问题的贡献进了总体的评价;对其理论研究中值得商榷之处进行了客观的实事求是的评议;并探讨了他晚年取得辉煌理论成就的原因;对本文研究的不足进行了简要的总结。
[Abstract]:This article systematically combs and studies the contribution of Hu Qiaomu to the major political theory of the Communist Party of China in his later years. Hu Qiaomu is at the center of the social science stage of Chinese Philosophy in his later years, and is also in the decision center of the major political theory of the Communist Party of China. The special status of these two hearts enables him to be from Chinese politics. To consider and study the major political theory of the Communist Party of China as a whole, and as a party history expert, encyclopedia scholars have made him able to examine the major political theory of the Communist Party from the academic point of view. High Marx theory, profound knowledge, special status and multiple identities make him heavy on the Communist Party of China. The study of the great political theory not only has the political height, but also has the depth of theory. This article tries to look into the Chinese Communist Party's theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics, forming, developing and changing the path of change from the background of China's reform and opening up and the political theory of Hu Qiaomu in his later years. The results provide a reference for the in-depth study of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Based on the basic facts and taking the historical attitude as the criterion and studying Hu Qiaomu's contribution to the major political theory of the Communist Party of China as a breakthrough point in his later years, this article comprehensively and systematically reviews and evaluates Hu Qiaomu's new understanding of Marx's doctrine and Mao Zedong thought on insisting and developing the party's guiding ideology in his late years, and about what is the social owner. The new thinking on how to build socialism and the new discussion on the "left" error of the party in the socialist period; the research and re understanding of the problem of humanism and alienation, the new concept of the history of treatment, the relationship between literature and art and politics, and the theoretical and practical significance of his new understanding, which fully affirms his theoretical tribute. It does not whitewash the defects and bias of its existence.
The first chapter, Hu Qiaomu's new understanding of the party's guiding ideology in his later years. First, a new analysis of the adherence to and development of Marx doctrine, and the four aspects that Hu Qiaomu emphasized in his late years, namely, the dialectical materialism of Marx and the world view of historical materialism and the theory of square law, and the adherence to socialism and the ultimate realization of the Communist Lord. The aim of the struggle is to adhere to the theory of the proletariat and the Marx doctrine developed with the development of practice for the proletariat and the vast masses of the people to understand the spiritual essence of Marx doctrine, and explain how Marx's doctrine is combined with the reality of the Chinese revolution and construction. This new view of the development of Marx's doctrine, combing his new understanding of the relationship between Marx doctrine and Mao Zedong thought, Mao Zedong thought and the policy line of the new period, namely, the inheritance and development of Deng Xiaoping theory, summarized his new summary of the concrete content of the Communist Party of China in twelve aspects. The new thinking about strengthening the study of Marx's doctrine in the new period. Second, new views on the insistence and development of Mao Zedong thought. The objective evaluation of Hu Qiaomu's historical status to Mao Zedong in his later years and the new exposition of Mao Zedong's thought are expounded comprehensively. The new ideas of Mao Zedong thought and Mao Zedong's late mistakes are strictly distinguished and the new definition of Mao Zedong's thought connotation, and the new views of the three basic points of Mao Zedong's thought and soul are introduced objectively, and the ideas of seeking truth from facts, the mass line, independence and self reliance are the basic points of Mao Zedong's thought and soul; and his thoughts about Mao Zedong's Thoughts on Mao Zedong are analyzed in a realistic way. We should not only insist on the new exposition of the development, but also make a practical and realistic comment on the theoretical value and practical significance of the new views on the guiding ideology of the Communist Party of China from the international and domestic field of vision.
The second chapter, Hu Qiaomu's new discussion of the basic theory of socialism in his later years, expounds the reflection on the socialist concept before the reform and opening up of China in Hu Qiaomu, combs the new relationship between socialism and capitalism, and the new proposition that the construction of socialism must learn from the principal meaning of capital, and outlines its Chinese characteristics. New insights into the connotation of socialism; his new understanding of socialism; and a practical assessment of Hu Qiaomu's new discussions.
The third chapter, Hu Qiaomu's new understanding of how to build socialism in his later years. First, on the socialist economic construction, combed the systematic introspection of Hu Qiaomu's mistakes in the economic construction before the reform and opening up of China from two aspects of theory and practice, and explained the new proposition that he put forward in the new period of socialist economic construction; second, In the socialist democratic construction, the socialist democratic view of Hu Qiaomu is expounded from the status of socialist democracy, the connotation of democracy, the realization of democracy and the correct handling of the relations of democracy. Third, on the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, the status of Hu Qiaomu's socialist spiritual civilization is fully analyzed. The connotation, the relationship with material civilization and the core of the construction of spiritual civilization. Through the study of three aspects of the socialist economy, democracy and the construction of spiritual civilization, the concept of Hu Qiaomu's socialist construction in his later years is expounded, and the new exploration of Hu Qiaomu's later years in the construction of socialism is answered. Guan Xin's understanding of the theoretical value and practical significance of the establishment and improvement of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Fourth, Hu Qiaomu's new analysis of the party's "left" error in his later years. It expounds Hu Qiaomu's reasons for the "Cultural Revolution", the nature of the "Cultural Revolution", the new exposition of the lesson of "the Cultural Revolution" and the dissection and negation of the theory of "the proletarian dictatorship to continue the revolution"; the system combs the late Hu Qiaomu's late period. The new views on the role of the class struggle in the socialist society, the scope of the existence, the standard of evaluation, and the correct distinction and treatment of two kinds of contradictions of different nature in the socialist period, and the explanation of his late years that the history of the party can not be simplified as the history of the line struggle, and to advocate the analysis of the new view of the party's history with the two trends. This paper gives a brief overview of the new reasons for the "twenty year left leaning" error of the Communist Party in his late years, and comments on the practical significance of his new views on the realization of the Chinese Communist Party in theory and practice.
Fifth, Hu Qiaomu's research on other major theoretical problems in his later years. It expounds his theoretical discussion on humanitarianism and alienation, new views on the relationship between literature and art and political relations, new ideas about the idea of the history of the Communist Party of China, and the theoretical significance and practical guiding significance of his new viewpoint.
He made a general evaluation of Hu Qiaomu's contribution to the major political theory of the Communist Party of China in his later years, and made an objective evaluation of the question of seeking truth from facts in his theoretical research, and discussed the reasons for his brilliant theoretical achievements in his later years, and briefly summarized the shortcomings of this study.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K827;D239

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