梅自强与中国棉纺织科技本土化

发布时间：2018-07-20 16:47

【摘要】：梅自强是中国纺织工程科技专家、中国工程院院士,我国高产梳棉理论和实践的创始人和学科带头人。梅自强早年留学苏联莫斯科纺织学院,他在充分吸收消化国外先进科学技术的基础上,结合中国实际,成功研制了四种新型梳棉机,其中A186型达到当时国际先进水平。梅自强一生致力于棉纺织科技本土化,做出了突出的贡献,在中国当代棉纺织科技史上占有重要的地位。梅自强对待学术严谨执着、对工作认真负责、对生活要求简朴、对晚辈关爱有加。梅自强的成长历程、奋斗经历、学术思想、治学态度、业绩成就等都是值得我们去研究的。然而迄今尚未有学者对梅自强做过全面系统的研究,现有的文献一般是从宏观、整体的角度简单论述梅自强的生平事迹。有鉴于此,本文在细致深入研读梅自强所发表的65篇(部)著述的基础上,从第一手文献出发,运用文献研究、比较分析的研究方法,探讨梅自强在器物形态、制度形态以及理念形态三个层面对中国当代棉纺织科技本土化的贡献。本文共分五个部分。第一部分为绪论。首先介绍梅自强的生平事迹,这是研究梅自强的基础和背景;随后介绍选题依据与意义;对国内外相关研究情况进行综述;说明研究方法与资料来源;介绍研究目标以及创新之处。第二部分关注梅自强在器物层面的本土化工作,发掘梅自强在棉纺织机械领域的贡献。本章主要以研制高产梳棉机和条干均匀度仪为例,分两部分展开,重点突出梅自强在棉纺织机械国产化中所起的重要作用。第三部分分析梅自强在制度层面的本土化思想。本章以棉纺织原料和棉纺织机械装备为线索,按时间顺序整理梅自强有关原料、机械的著作,归纳梅自强针对当时国内现状提出的观点,并根据梅自强对棉纺织企业管理提出的建议,凸显梅自强关于棉纺织业本土化的思想。第四部分讨论梅自强在理念层面的本土化努力。理念层面的本土化,是科学技术本土化最根本、最核心的方面。梅自强曾任中国纺织科学研究院副院长和院长,在人才培养、科研组织等方面作了大量工作。本章提炼梅自强对人才培养的看法,整理梅自强组织和参加过的各类学术活动,以及他在纺织科技书籍翻译编撰中的突出成就。第五部分是全文的总结,探寻梅自强科学贡献背后的原因,深入分析其科学态度与科学方法,并通过统计梅自强科学观点的引证情况、观点如何被政府采纳以及被应用于生产等方面,来尝试确立梅自强在中国当代棉纺织业发展中所起的作用。本文通过充分收集和研读梅自强棉纺织科技方面的论文和著作,从器物、制度和理念三个层面发掘、梳理梅自强在棉纺织科技本土化进程中的科学活动及科学贡献。本文还进一步尝试分析并确定梅自强在新中国棉纺织业的地位和贡献,认为他的开创性工作为新中国棉纺织科技奠定了坚实的基础。我们特别是纺织人从梅自强的科学态度及科学思想方法中,也能获得很多借鉴和启示。
[Abstract]:Mei self strong is a Chinese textile engineering expert, academician of China Academy of engineering, founder and subject leader of the theory and practice of high yield carding in China. Mei Qiang was studying in Moscow Textile College in the Soviet Union in the early years. On the basis of fully absorbing foreign advanced science and technology, he developed four new types of carding machines successfully. A186 has reached the international advanced level at that time. Mei Qiang has devoted his whole life to the localization of cotton textile technology, made outstanding contributions and played an important role in the history of Chinese contemporary cotton textile technology. The struggle experience, the academic thought, the academic attitude, the achievement achievement and so on are all worthy of our study. However, yet no scholars have done a comprehensive and systematic study of Mei Qiang's self strength. The existing literature is generally from the macro perspective and the whole point of view. On the basis of the 65 articles, starting from the first hand literature, using the literature research and comparative analysis, this paper discusses the contribution of Mei Qiang to the Chinese contemporary cotton textile technology localization in the form of utensils, the system form and the concept form. This article is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. First, it introduces Mei Ziqiang's life. This is the foundation and background of the study of Mei's self strength; then it introduces the basis and significance of the topic, summarizes the relevant research at home and abroad, illustrates the research methods and sources, and introduces the research goals and innovations. The second part focuses on the localization of the self strength at the level of the utensils, and excavates the self strength of Mei in the cotton textile machinery field. This chapter mainly takes the development of high yield carding machine and dry evenness instrument as an example, which is divided into two parts, focusing on the important role of the self strength of plum in the localization of the cotton textile machinery. The third part analyses the localization idea of the self strength of plum in the system level. This chapter takes the cotton textile raw materials and the cotton textile machinery and equipment as the clue, according to the time. The fourth part discusses the localization of Mei Qiang's localization effort on the theory level. It is the most fundamental and core aspect of the localization of science and technology. Mei Qiang, a vice president and Dean of the Chinese Academy of Textile Sciences, has made a great deal of work in the training of talent and scientific research organization. This chapter refines the views on the cultivation of talent by Mei Qiang, collate all kinds of academic activities of Mei Ziqiang organization and participate in the textile science and technology book, and his book on the textile science and technology The fifth part is the summary of the full text, exploring the reasons behind the scientific contribution of the self-strength of Mei, analyzing its scientific attitude and scientific method, and trying to establish the self-reliance of Mei in China by statistics of the citation of the scientific viewpoint of the self strength of Mei and how the view is adopted by the government and applied to the production. The role played in the development of the contemporary cotton textile industry. Through the full collection and study of the papers and works of the self-strength cotton textile science and technology, this article explores the scientific activities and scientific contributions of Mei Ziqiang in the process of the localization of cotton textile science and technology from three levels of utensils, systems and ideas. This paper further tries to analyze and determine Mei Ziqiang In the position and contribution of the new China cotton textile industry, it is believed that his pioneering work has laid a solid foundation for the new China's cotton textile technology. In particular, we can also gain a lot of reference and inspiration from the scientific attitude and scientific thought method of the self-strength of Mei.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K826.16;TS112

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