党的三代领导核心解决三农问题的基本思路研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 09:46

本文选题：毛泽东 + 邓小平　；参考：《河北大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：农民和农村问题是中国革命和建设的根本问题，也是建设有中国特色社会主义事业兴衰成败的关键问题。中国共产党三代领导核心一贯强调和重视这个问题，对于解决中国农村、农业、农民问题进行了深入探索，形成了由奠基到开拓再到全面创新发展的探求历程。以毛泽东为核心的第一代领导集体成功解决了在一个农民国家如何进行社会主义革命的重大问题，通过土地革命和新民主主义革命，把中国农民从几千年的封建制度下彻底解放出来；提出农业是国民经济基础，按农、轻、重顺序发展国民经济的思想；在农业、农村发展的途径方式上提出组织起来走合作化的道路模式；高度评价农民的社会价值，以改造农民、教育农民为主体环节；在具体目标上提出以实现共同富裕为发展目标。在实践中，这一构想即有其合理、现实的一面；也有不合实际、超越现实的一面；即有走自己的路、适合中国国情的一面；也有受苏联高度集中、僵化教条严重影响的一面。但无论如何，这种探索的理论及实践为中国现代化奠定了初步而坚实的基础，为中国农村、农业、农民问题的解决起了奠基的作用，其地位是开拓性的。邓小平在改革开放的新时期，改革传统体制中“左”的、束缚生产力发展的旧体制；强调重新解放和发展农村生产力；以富裕农民为关键，以确立农业在新时期的战略重点地位为核心；强调科技在农业发展中的作用；强调调整农业产业结构，发展多种经营；强调工业支援农业，发展乡镇企业，转移农村剩余劳动力；提出中国农业发展的“两个飞跃”的思想；继承毛泽东农民教育思想，提出教育改造农民的新思路；吸取以往经验教训，，强调保护农民的物质利益，尊重农民群众的首创精神；继续强调共同富裕的农村发展目标，提出“先富”到“共富”的发展思路等观点。邓小平解决中国农村、农业、农民问题的思路是对传统思路的继承、纠正、与发展的辨证统一，具有强烈的现实性特色和浓厚的开放性品质，是对解决我国“三农”问题思路的一次全新开拓。在新的历史条件下，以江泽民为核心的第三代领导核心，强调从政治高摘要里里里绝纽里里里里里口里口竺巴巴度重视农村、农业、农民问题;强调改革开放和市场化的农村改革取向;深化对解决“三农”问题具体方针的探讨:强调农业社会化服务体系建设，加强农村市场体系建设，加快小城镇建设，减轻农民负担，农业发展要有“两个转变”等思想;强调改善农业生产条件，依法保护耕地面积，增加农业投入，强化科技兴农等策略;在解决中国农村、农业、农民问题的总体思路、具体策略、体制方针等方面都实现了全面的创新发展，将建设有中国特色的社会主义事业推向了新高度。具有强烈的创新性特征，实践性品质，开放性和科学性取向，是对我国解决“三农”问题思路的创新发展。通过对三代领导核心解决中国农村、农业、农民问题基本思路的考察，我们对这一历程的总体特征予以总结，解决三农问题必须牢牢抓住几条基本经验:必须保护农民自主权，代表最广大农民群众利益;必须尊重农民首创精神;必须继续探索和完善农村公有制的有效实现形式;必须坚持市场化趋向的改革;必须引导农民走社会主义道路;必须将“三农”问题协调起来、与其他问题统筹安排。
[Abstract]:The problem of farmers and countryside is the fundamental problem of Chinese revolution and construction . It is also the key problem of building socialism with Chinese characteristics .

The first generation of collective leadership , taking Mao Zedong as the core , successfully solved the major problems of how to carry out the socialist revolution in a peasant country , and through the agrarian revolution and the new - democratic revolution , the Chinese peasants were liberated from the feudal system of thousands of years ;
Put forward that agriculture is the basis of national economy , and develop the thought of national economy in order of agriculture , light and weight ;
In the way of agriculture and rural development , this paper puts forward the way of organizing the cooperative road ;
It highly evaluates the social value of the farmers to transform the peasants and educate the farmers as the main links ;
In practice , it is reasonable and realistic to put forward the goal of common prosperity .
There is also a side that is not practical and beyond the reality ;
In other words , there is one way to go , which is suitable for China ' s national conditions .
But in any case , the theory and practice of this exploration lays a foundation for the modernization of China , which lays a foundation for the solution of China ' s countryside , agriculture and farmers . Its status is pioneering .

In the new period of reform and opening - up , Deng Xiaoping reformed the old system of " left " in the traditional system and restrained the development of productive forces ;
Stresses the re - liberation and development of rural productivity ;
It is the key to rich peasants to establish the strategic priority status of agriculture in the new period .
Emphasizes the role of science and technology in agricultural development ;
Emphasizes the adjustment of the agricultural industrial structure and the development of diversified businesses ;
Emphasizes the importance of industrial support to agriculture , development of township enterprises and the transfer of rural surplus labor force ;
The idea of " two leaps " of China ' s agricultural development is put forward .
To inherit the thought of Mao Zedong ' s peasant education , put forward the new idea of educating and transforming the peasants ;
Draw lessons from previous experiences , emphasize the material interests of protecting farmers , and respect the initiative of the peasants ;
Deng Xiaoping ' s idea of solving the problem of Chinese countryside , agriculture and farmers is to inherit , correct and develop the traditional thinking . It has strong realistic characteristics and strong open quality , which is a brand - new development to solve the problem of " three agriculture " in our country .

Under the new historical conditions , Jiang Zemin at the core of the third generation of leadership , emphasizing the political high

Summary

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Pay attention to the problems of the countryside , agriculture and farmers ; emphasize the reform and opening - up and the market - oriented rural reform orientation ;

Discussion on the Specific Approach to Solving the Problem of " Agriculture , Countryside and Agriculture " : The Construction of Agricultural Socialization Service System ;

The construction of a strong rural market system , speeding up the construction of small towns , lightening the burden of farmers , and the development of agriculture must be " two " It emphasizes the improvement of agricultural production conditions , protects the cultivated land according to law , and increases agricultural investment .

In order to solve the problems of Chinese countryside , agriculture and farmers ,

The concrete strategy , institutional policy and so on have achieved comprehensive innovation and development , and will be built with Chinese characteristics

The socialist cause has been pushed to new heights . It has strong innovative characteristics , practical quality and openness .

Scientific orientation is an innovative development to solve the problem of " three rural " in our country .

Through the investigation of the basic idea of solving the problems of Chinese countryside , agriculture and farmers by the leadership of the third generation ,

We summarize the overall characteristics of this process , solve the problem of three agricultural issues , we must firmly grasp several basic principles

Experience : It is necessary to protect the peasants ' autonomy and represent the best interests of the peasants ; we must respect the peasants ' initiative

Spirit ; must continue to explore and perfect the effective implementation form of the rural public ownership ; must adhere to the market trend

the reform of agriculture must be led to the peasants to go to the socialist road ; the problem of " three peasants " must be coordinated ,

Arrangement with other issues .

【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：F320.3

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