印度特殊教育立法的演进及对我国大陆特殊教育的启示

发布时间：2018-01-17 19:23

本文关键词：印度特殊教育立法的演进及对我国大陆特殊教育的启示　出处：《陕西师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：特殊教育的发展水平是一个国家文明程度的重要标志。各国特殊教育的发展都缘于有关特殊教育法律法则的出台和实施。印度独立后出台了一系列有关特殊教育法律法规,并发动了促进特殊教育发展的计划,有力地推动了印度现代特殊教育的快速发展。我国《教育法》第十一条第二款中提出：国家采取措施促进教育公平,推动教育均衡发展；“两会”中也强调：国家要把办好特殊教育作为工作的目标之一；朱永新委员提出,我国在“十三五”期间要大力发展特殊教育事业。表明我国十分重视发展特殊教育。但目前我国仍有近10万适龄未入学特殊儿童,他们被排斥在社会之外。因此,我国有必要借鉴印度特殊教育立法经验,完善我国特殊教育立法体系,确保所有特殊儿童合法权益得以实现。本研究主要包括以下七个部分。第一部分为本研究的前言部分,概括了完善特殊教育立法的重要性及印度自独立后相继颁布的有关特殊教育的政策法律法规引发对我国特殊教育法律法规的思考。第二部分主要包括两个方面。第一个方面是分别对特殊教育和特殊教育立法的概念进行了界定；第二个方面是对国内外学者关于独立后印度特殊教育及立法发展的研究情况进行了综述,其中发现我国目前对印度特殊教育及立法方面的研究主要倾向于印度1949年宪法和1986年国家教育政策、特殊儿童学前教育、特殊儿童社会保障法律制度、融合教育和全纳教育这几个方面。第三部分分别介绍了题目的来源、研究的意义、研究的方法及研究的思路。其中,问题的来源是我国特殊教育发展的需要和国内外文献的启示；研究的意义包括理论意义和实践意义。研究的理论意义是可以为我国特殊教育立法提供理论指导,为特殊教育工作者提供理论指导,增强特殊儿童家长的信心提供理论依据；研究的实践意义是有利于减轻特殊儿童家长的压力,促进特殊教育工作者自身素质的提高,提高特殊教育工作者的工作效率,保障特殊儿童接受到公平的教育。研究的方法为文献分析法和比较分析法。第四部分介绍了印度特殊教育立法的演进及其发展特色。第五部分是由印度特殊教育立法的演进,对我国大陆特殊教育立法得出的一些启示：特殊儿童学前教育将被以立法的形式纳入义务教育范畴；我国有关特殊教育法律用语将被具体化,实现我国特殊教育有法可依；特殊教育教师培训工作将受到重视,培训质量得以改善；我国特色的特殊教育发展理念将得以推行,形成家-校-社教育共同体。第六部分是对本研究的内容进行了总结,认为完善的特殊教育立法体系是保障所有特殊儿童教育公平的关键性因素。自身和外界的缘故,研究中还存在许多不足,并对以后的研究给出了意见。
[Abstract]:The level of development of special education is an important symbol of the civilization of a country. The development of special education in all countries is due to the introduction and implementation of special education laws. Laws and regulations. And launched the plan to promote the development of special education, has promoted the rapid development of modern special education in India. The second paragraph of Article 11th of the Education Law of China proposed that the state should take measures to promote the equity of education. To promote the balanced development of education; The "two sessions" also stressed: the state should do a good job in special education as one of the objectives of work; Member Zhu Yongxin proposed that China should vigorously develop the cause of special education during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, indicating that China attaches great importance to the development of special education. But at present, there are still nearly 100,000 special children of school age who are not enrolled in school in China. They are excluded from the society. Therefore, it is necessary for our country to learn from the experience of Indian special education legislation and perfect our special education legislation system. To ensure the realization of the legal rights and interests of all special children. This study mainly includes the following seven parts. The first part is the preface of this study. This paper summarizes the importance of perfecting special education legislation and the policies and regulations on special education promulgated by India since independence. The second part mainly includes two aspects. The first is to define the concept of special education and special education legislation respectively; The second aspect is a review of the research on the development of special education and legislation in India after independence. It is found that China's current research on special education and legislation in India mainly inclines to the constitution of 1949 and the national education policy of 1986, pre-school education for special children. The third part introduces the source of the topic, the significance of the research, the research methods and the research ideas. The source of the problem is the needs of the development of special education in China and the enlightenment of the literature at home and abroad. The significance of the study includes theoretical and practical significance. The theoretical significance of the study is to provide theoretical guidance for our special education legislation and theoretical guidance for special education workers. Strengthen the parents' confidence of special children to provide theoretical basis; The practical significance of the study is to reduce the pressure of parents of special children, to promote the improvement of the quality of special education workers, and to improve the work efficiency of special education workers. The methods of research are literature analysis and comparative analysis. Part 4th introduces the evolution and development characteristics of special education legislation in India. Part 5th is composed of special education in India. The evolution of legislation. Some enlightenments to the legislation of special education in mainland China: preschool education of special children will be brought into the category of compulsory education in the form of legislation; The legal terms of special education in our country will be concretized to realize that there are laws to be followed in China's special education; Attention will be paid to the training of special education teachers and the quality of the training will be improved; The concept of special education development with Chinese characteristics will be carried out, forming a home-school and social education community. Part 6th is a summary of the contents of this study. The author thinks that the perfect special education legislation system is the key factor to guarantee the education fairness of all special children. There are still many deficiencies in the study because of itself and the outside world, and some suggestions are given for the future research.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G769.2;D922.16

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