太原市流浪儿童社会救助问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 00:17

本文关键词： 流浪儿童救助保护未成年人保护中心非政府组织　出处：《山西财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪末，流浪儿童问题已经成为世界性的话题。处于经济和社会转型中的中国，流浪儿童作为未成年人当中的一个特殊弱势群体已经成为当前社会中一个不容忽视的群体而存在。在我国流浪儿童人数已达百万人次，很多城市的街头流浪儿童流浪现象非常严重。我国政府正在努力解决这一问题，由各政府民政部门与当地政府配合建立的流浪儿童救助保护中心已达130多个。但政府为主导的救助模式在实践中面临很多困惑和问题，民间和社会救助的力量仍未有效开发，因此，努力构建流浪儿童多元救助服务体系这一任务势在必行。本文运用数据分析法，通过对救助站的实地调查和对太原市流浪未成年人的问卷调查分析，总结出太原市流浪未成年人大量存在的原因以及救助模式运行中的缺陷。通过比较国外经验，对美国、英国、日本三个国家流浪儿童救助模式进行比较借鉴，例如英国的非政府组织进行流浪儿童救助的经验，美国街头儿童三项救助计划，日本的以家庭为核心的寄养模式，并结合太原市的实际情况，提出适宜太原市流浪儿童救助的政策及建议。建立健全太原市流浪儿童救助保护体系，首先必须秉持法制理念，坚持立法先行。建立健全未成年人法律和制度体系，必须构建流浪儿童社会保障制度、问题监护人监督制度和不良少年矫正制度。其次，，要注意加强民间组织和社区的救助力量，构建流浪儿童多元救助服务体系。三是实现流浪儿童源头预防，家庭、学校、社会多方协作，切断儿童流浪的源头。
[Abstract]:By the end of 20th century, the problem of street children had become a worldwide topic. China was in the process of economic and social transformation. As a special vulnerable group among minors, street children have become a group that can not be ignored in the current society. In our country, the number of street children has reached one million people. The phenomenon of street children in many cities is very serious. Our government is trying to solve this problem. More than 130 relief and protection centers for street children have been set up by various government civil affairs departments in cooperation with local governments. However, the government-led rescue model faces many puzzles and problems in practice, and the forces of civil and social assistance have not yet been effectively developed. Therefore, it is imperative to build a multi-dimensional relief service system for street children. This paper applies data analysis method, through the field investigation to the relief station and the questionnaire survey to the street minor in Taiyuan, This paper summarizes the reasons for the large number of street minors in Taiyuan City and the defects in the operation of the relief mode. By comparing the foreign experiences, the paper compares the relief modes of street children in the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan. For example, the experience of British non-governmental organizations in helping street children, the three aid programs for street children in the United States, the family-centered foster care model in Japan, and the actual situation in Taiyuan City. To put forward the appropriate policy and suggestions for the rescue of street children in Taiyuan. In order to establish and improve the relief and protection system for street children in Taiyuan, we must first uphold the concept of legal system and insist on legislating first, establish and perfect the legal and institutional system for minors, and construct a social security system for street children. Problem guardian supervision system and maladjusted juvenile correction system. Secondly, attention should be paid to strengthening the rescue power of non-governmental organizations and communities, and building a pluralistic relief service system for street children. Third, it is necessary to realize the prevention of the source of street children, families and schools. Social cooperation in various ways to cut off the source of children's vagrancy.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.1;D669.5

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