美国医疗保障制度改革研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 12:18

本文关键词： 医疗保障制度政府改革　出处：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：医疗保障制度是一个国家最基本的保障制度,它为社会成员健康提供医疗费用和服务。对医疗保障制度进行改革,可以提高社会福利水平,是世界各国家的共同目标。美国崇尚自由和独立,它的医疗保障制度是典型的以市场化为主导。本文以美国医疗保障制度改革为主体,先对相关社会保障理论进行介绍,然后针对医疗保障制度不能实现全民覆盖、费用滥用、公平性欠缺等特点,对美国医改的主要内容,改革趋势等进行研究。再探究历任总统对美国进行医改的历程,并将重点放在近年的奥巴马医改上,分析其主要内容和最新进展,得出了美国现阶段医改往强化政府责任,加大覆盖范围发展的趋势。自21世纪以来,我国医疗保障的各种问题凸显,如人口老龄化、地区医疗资源分布不均、医疗费用快速增长等。虽然我国在政治体制,文化和社会经济背景方面都和美国存在较大的差异,不能照搬照抄美国的医改经验,但我们可以正确结合我国国情,从最新的美国医疗保障改革中来分析政府该如何进行政策选择。最后通过分析全文,探讨了对我国医疗保障制度改革的启示。得出了政府必须加大责任力度、制定操作性强的有效措施、加大医疗保障覆盖面以实现福利经济效应的最大化。期望我国医疗保障制度改革可以实现医疗保障制度的保障性,公平性和效率性。
[Abstract]:The medical security system is the most basic security system in a country. It provides medical expenses and services for the health of social members. Reform of the medical security system can improve the level of social welfare. It is the common goal of every country in the world. The United States advocates freedom and independence, and its medical security system is dominated by marketization. In this paper, the reform of American medical security system is taken as the main body, and the relevant social security theories are introduced first. Then, in view of the characteristics of the medical security system that cannot achieve universal coverage, cost abuse, and lack of fairness, this paper studies the main contents and reform trends of the health care reform in the United States, and then probes into the course of the health care reform carried out by successive presidents in the United States. By focusing on Obamacare reform in recent years and analyzing its main content and latest progress, this paper draws a conclusion that the current health care reform in the United States is developing towards strengthening government responsibility and increasing coverage. Since 21th century, The problems of medical security in our country are prominent, such as aging population, uneven distribution of regional medical resources, rapid growth of medical expenses, etc. Although our political system, culture and social and economic backgrounds are quite different from those of the United States, We cannot copy the experience of health care reform in the United States, but we can correctly combine the national conditions of our country and analyze how the government should make policy choices from the latest medical security reform in the United States. Finally, through an analysis of the full text, This paper probes into the enlightenment to the reform of medical security system in our country, and draws the conclusion that the government must strengthen its responsibility and formulate effective measures with strong operability. It is expected that the reform of medical security system in China can realize the guarantee, fairness and efficiency of the medical security system.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R197.1

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