当代中国公益精神培育研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 00:18

本文关键词： 当代中国公益精神培育　出处：《中央财经大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公益精神是公益主体从关怀和利他意识出发,对人类社会发展共同关注的问题、社会特殊群体的关怀和扶助所进行的实践过程中展现的心理态度、价值观念和人格品质,体现了人在超越个体私利之上的理性精神升华和个人对社会的责任担当,是人的自然属性、社会属性和精神属性的统一。改革开放三十多年来,我国经济体制改革不断深入,市场在资源配置中发挥了日益重要的作用,经济建设取得了突出的成绩,同时也产生了许多问题。社会分配过程中的诸多复杂因素使贫富差距加大,社会矛盾突出。公共领域因为非排它性和非竞争性出现市场失灵,社会保障因制度不完善对此难以进行弥补。思想道德领域中原有的道德体系逐渐瓦解,新的思想道德体系尚未形成,又缺乏完备的法律法规进行规范,导致了社会转型过程中公共领域各种不和谐的现象产生,如生态环境的严重破坏、公共资源的过度使用、社会弱势群体增加、个人利益与公共利益矛盾凸显等。在此背景下,公益活动作为社会财富的第三次分配方式为当前减小贫富差距,缓解社会矛盾发挥了日益重要的作用。因此,公益精神的培育,有助于人们形成公益理性的价值观,正确对待公利与私利之间的冲突;有助于人们建构理性的生活态度,合理运用公共资源;有助于人们塑造无私奉献的精神,关怀和扶助社会弱势群体,努力改善教育、医疗、卫生等社会公共事业的改革发展。本论文研究从公益现象的历史考察和公益精神的概念界定出发,通过梳理中外学者以及马克思主义经典作家的公益思想,为当代中国公益精神培育提供必要的理论基础;通过对当代中国公益精神现状的调查研究,剖析当前公益精神缺失的原因及其影响,为公益精神的培育提供实证支持;在理论剖析和实证调研基础上,有针对性地提出当前我国培育公益精神的可行路径。全文除导论和结语外,共由五章组成。导论阐述了五个方面的问题。一是研究背景及意义。从理论背景、现实背景出发,阐释当代中国公益精神培育的重要性和必要性,认为公益精神的培育是人的全面发展、社会发展实现公平正义、实现人类发展共同富裕的必然要求;二是梳理和分析国内外的相关研究成果,掌握当前公益精神的研究动态;三是概括研究主要内容和重难点;四是设计整篇论文的总体思路和方法。五是阐述主要创新之处和反思不足的地方。第一章以公益的词源考察为起点,界定公益精神的相关概念和公益精神主体。从中国传统思想中具有代表性的儒释道公益思想、西方公益思想和马克思主义经典作家公益思想中,找出当代中国公益精神产生的思想渊源,为培育提供借鉴资源,奠定下文写作的理论基础。第二章主要考察当代中国公益精神的内涵、特征及价值体现。当代中国公益精神的内涵主要包含超越私利的利他精神、扶助弱势的友爱精神、热心公益的责任意识、注重行动的实践精神;体现助人自助的互惠性、人格平等的责任性和理性主导的自觉性的特征。展现了增进社会公共利益、促进社会公平正义、引领社会风尚、推动社会进步和谐的时代价值。第三章对当前我国公益精神的现状进行了实证调查。调查当前人们在公共生活中公共意识、公益认知、公益责任的表现。概括总结当前中国公益精神中比较积极的方面、存在的问题和产生的后果,并分析公益精神缺失的原因所在。第四章研究当代中国政治、经济、文化转型为公益精神培育提供的现实基础。主要研究中国市场经济的深入转型为当代中国公益精神的培育提供了现代公益精神形成所必须的人的主体地位、权利与义务和自由与平等的思想和公益理性价值观;政治体制的改革为现代公益精神的培育提供了正确的方向、优化了原有累赘的管理体制,形成了多渠道的公益参与渠道;多元文化背景下中国传统文化的传承创新,与其他文化的交流、碰撞和融合形成的先进文化为现代公益精神的培育营造了良好的氛围。第五章针对上一章中调查的结果分析,在前四章研究的基础上,找出公益精神培育的载体和培育原则,提出有效的公益精神培育途径。公益精神的培育需建立在公益活动的具体实践之中,因此本文针对当代中国公益活动的具体实践把公益精神的培育载体分为管理载体、活动载体、文化载体和大众传媒载体。在坚持主体性、针对性、层次性和整合性原则相互结合的基础上,通过加强公益文化建设、重视公益教育、完善公益管理机制、培育专业公益人才、创新公益模式的途径,培育当代中国公益精神。结语部分是对本文主要内容总结、反思和未来研究的展望。本文认为,社会主义市场经济的深入转型和发展,当代中国公益精神的现状难以成为推动社会发展进步的精神动力,本文期望在考察公益发展的历史上,对当代中国公益精神培育提出可行性的建构措施,促进公益精神从传统向现代的转型,为推进中国公益大众化做出理论与实践相结合的研究。
[Abstract]:Public spirit is the main public welfare from caring and altruistic awareness of issues of common concern on the development of human society, to show the mental attitude of the practice process of special groups of social care and support for the concept of value, and personality quality, reflects the people play beyond the rational spirit of selfish individuals on the sublimation and personal responsibility to society that is the nature of human being, the unity of social and spiritual attributes. Thirty years of reform and opening up, China's economic system reform, the market has played an increasingly important role in the allocation of resources, economic development has made outstanding achievements, but also caused a lot of problems. Many complex factors in the process of social distribution the widening gap between rich and poor social contradictions. The public domain because of the non exclusive and non competitive market failure, because of the social security system is not perfect in this regard to Line up. The ideological and moral in the field of the original moral system collapsed and a new moral system has not been formed, and the lack of comprehensive laws and regulations to regulate, to produce a variety of public domain in the process of social transformation is not harmonious phenomenon, such as serious environmental damage, excessive use of public resources, social vulnerable groups increased, personal interests and public interests contradictions. Under this background, public welfare activities as the third distribution of social wealth for the current to reduce the gap between rich and poor, to alleviate social contradictions has played an increasingly important role. Therefore, to cultivate public spirit, helps in the formation of public rational values to people, to deal with the conflict between the public and gain; help people to construct a rational attitude towards life, rational use of public resources; to help people create the spirit of selfless dedication, care and support the social vulnerable Groups, efforts to improve education, health care, health and other social undertakings reform and development. This paper studies from the concept of public phenomenon in history and the definition of the public spirit, through combing the Chinese and foreign scholars and the public thought of Marx and Engels, provide the necessary theoretical basis for the cultivation of public spirit in contemporary China; through the investigation and Study on the Chinese public spirit status, analysis of causes and effects of the current lack of public spirit, cultivate public spirit to provide empirical support; on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research, pertinently put forward the feasible path for the current China to cultivate public spirit. Besides the introduction and conclusion, is composed of five chapters. The introduction expounds five aspects. One is the background and significance of research. From the theoretical background, realistic background, contemporary interpretation of public spirit cultivation and the importance of Chinese The necessity, thinks that the cultivation of public spirit is people's all-round development and social development, to achieve fairness and justice, a necessary requirement to achieve the common prosperity of the human development; two is sorting out the relevant research and analysis at home and abroad, grasp the current dynamic research of public spirit; three is to summarize research contents and difficulties; four is the general idea and the design method of the whole thesis. The five describes the main innovation and Reflection on the deficiencies. In the first chapter of public etymology study as a starting point, the definition of the related concepts of public spirit and public spirit. The main representative from Chinese in traditional thoughts of Confucianism and western public thought, public thought of Marx and Engels public thought, to find out the ideological origins of modern Chinese commonweal spirit, to provide reference for the cultivation of resources, lay a theoretical foundation for the following writing. The second chapter mainly discusses the generation of Chinese when The connotation of public spirit, characteristic and value. The connotation of the contemporary China public spirit mainly includes the spirit of altruism beyond the self-interest, the spirit of love and friendship to help the disadvantaged, public responsibility consciousness, action oriented spirit of practice; embody the reciprocity of self-help, responsibility and consciousness of the rational dominant personality equal. Show the improvement of social public interests, promote social fairness and justice, to lead society, promote social progress and harmony of the value of the times. The third chapter makes an empirical investigation on the current situation of China's public spirit. To survey the current people in public life and public awareness, public awareness, public responsibility. Summed up the more positive aspects Chinese public spirit in the current problems and consequences, and analyze the reasons for lack of public spirit. The fourth chapter studies the contemporary Chinese politics, economy, culture The transformation of public spirit cultivation. The main cultivation provides realistic basis research for the contemporary market economy transformation Chinese Chinese public spirit provides modern public spirit essential for the formation of the subject position, rights and obligations and freedom and equality ideology and public rational values; foster the reform of the political system for the modern public spirit. Provide the right direction, optimizes the original cumbersome management system, the formation of multi channels of public participation channels; inheritance and innovation of traditional culture Chinese multicultural background, and other cultural exchanges, culture collision and fusion formation of advanced culture for the modern public spirit to create a good atmosphere for the investigation on the fifth chapter. A chapter in the analysis of results, on the basis of chapter four research, find out the carrier of public spirit cultivation and cultivation principle, put forward the effective cultivation of public spirit The concrete practice way. Cultivate the public spirit should be established in public welfare activities, so this paper according to the specific practice of contemporary Chinese welfare activities to cultivate public spirit into the management of carrier carrier, activity carrier, culture carrier and mass media. On the subject, the basis, combination of hierarchy and the principle of integration on the strengthening of public culture, pay attention to public education, improve public management mechanism, cultivate professional public service personnel, ways of public service model innovation, cultivate the public spirit of contemporary Chinese. Conclusion part is a summary of the main contents of this paper, reflection and Prospect of future research. This paper argues that the deep transformation and the development of the socialist market economy status the Chinese public spirited hard to become a spiritual force to promote social progress, the public expectations in the study on the history of the development of contemporary China. The cultivation of Public Spirit puts forward feasible constructive measures, promoting transformation of public spirit from traditional to modern, and combining theory with practice to promote the popularization of public welfare in China.

【学位授予单位】：中央财经大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D632.9

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