我国农民工利益表达问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 02:00

本文关键词： 农民工利益表达有效实现　出处：《南京工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农民工是伴随我国制度变迁所产生的特殊现象,体现了我国经济体制转型的过渡性特色。不可否认,农民工为流入地创造了重要财富,已经是我国社会进步的巨大推动力,理应得到理解和接纳,但我国现有的歧视性制度和政策却将他们排除在社会保障体系之外。农民工付出一切奉献给城市,却只能无奈地留下伤疤。正是由于农民工的巨大社会贡献与他们的社会地位不相衬,损害了他们的合法利益,所以农民工利益表达的愿望越来越强烈。农民工利益表达的诉求能否得到满足,不仅影响我国的经济发展和社会稳定,而且关系着我国社会结构能否转型成功。因此,系统研究我国农民工利益表达问题,对于构建完善的农民工权利保障制度具有特别重要的现实意义。本文在界定我国农民工利益表达基本概念和阐述理论依据的基础上,总结了当前农民工利益表达的现实情况。我国农民工利益表达经历了“沉寂—萌芽—摸索”三个阶段,正向制度化阶段迈进。回顾新闻媒体报道的关于农民工利益表达的案例,对其达到的效果进行认真剖析,可以发现我国农民工利益表达正在呈现新的变化趋势。随着我国教育的强力推进,农民工的文化水平逐步提高,城市生活中长时间的耳濡目染、大众媒介的广泛传播再加上农民工自己的切身经历,使农民工的维权意识不断觉醒。现实生活中报道的“集体讨薪”、“索求劳动赔偿”等事件的成功,只是全国农民工进行利益表达的一个缩影。虽然有一些农民工的利益诉求得到了满足,但是绝大多数的农民工还在为维护自己的合法利益进行四处奔波。我国农民工自身文化程度较低、组织化水平低,大部分人在利益受到侵犯时常常忍气吞声,无法通过组织的力量抵御侵害自己权益的行为;农民工在人大代表中所占的比例很小,信访制度存在缺陷使农民工无法通过制度化的利益表达渠道表达利益诉求;城乡二元户籍分割制度及不健全的法律体系无法为农民工利益表达提供制度化的保障;政府在观念和政策上对农民工存在着明显的歧视;违背职业道德的大众传媒忽视农民工的声音,故意夸大农民工的负面形象;企业缺乏社会责任感,为了追求高效益以牺牲农民工的利益为代价。以上都是阻碍农民工利益表达的因素。有效实现农民工的利益表达,只依靠某个人或单个团体的力量还远远不够,还需要农民工、政府、社会组织、企业、大众传媒的共同参与和努力。我们不但要提高农民工的利益表达能力,发挥大众传媒的积极作用,政府还要增强服务意识,积极发挥服务职能,保障农民工利益表达的权利。在实现农民工有效利益表达的路径中,更要强化企业的社会责任感,农民工利益受损的主要原因在于企业的失职,企业要与农民工签订劳动合同,加强对农民工的人文关怀。我们应该凝心聚力,为农民工利益表达的有效实现保驾护航,使农民工利益表达逐步走向法制化、规范化的道路。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers is a special phenomenon with the changes of our country system generated, reflects the transitional characteristics of China's economic system transformation. It is undeniable that migrant workers for the inflow creates wealth, is the great driving force for social progress in our country, should be understood and accepted, but our existing discriminatory system and policy they will be excluded from the social security system of migrant workers pay. Dedication to the city, but only reluctantly left scars. It is precisely because the contrast of great social contributions of migrant workers and their social status, harm their legitimate interests, so to express the interests of migrant workers. A growing desire to express the interests of migrant workers demands can be met not only, the impact of China's economic development and social stability, and the relationship between the success of the transition of social structure in our country. Therefore, the research interests of our system of peasant workers The expression for the problem, is of great significance to construct the perfect system to protect the rights of migrant workers. Based on the definition of China's migrant workers interests expression basic concepts and describes the theoretical basis, summed up the current reality in China. The expression of the interests of migrant workers migrant workers expressed interest have experienced three stages: sprouting, quiet feeling, the stage of positive system forward. Review of the news media reported on the case of expression of the interests of migrant workers, the result of a careful analysis, we can find that the Chinese migrant workers interest expression is showing a new trend. With the advancement of education, migrant workers cultural level increases gradually, influenced by long time in the city life. Wide spread of mass media with their own personal experience to migrant workers, migrant workers rights consciousness awakening in real life. Reports of "collective pay talks", "labor demand compensation" of events such as success, just a microcosm of the national migrant workers interest expression. Although there are some migrant workers interests have been met, but the vast majority of migrant workers still maintain their legitimate interests are around. China's migrant workers with low education level the low level of organization, and most of the people in the interests are infringed often swallow, infringement of their rights act through the organization can not resist the power; for migrant workers in the National People's Congress in a small proportion of migrant workers cannot make the petition system defects through institutionalized interest expression channels to express their interest demands; two yuan in urban and rural areas segmentation of household registration system and not a sound legal system to the expression of interests of migrant workers provide institutional guarantee; government in the idea and policy of migrant workers in Clear discrimination against the occupation moral; mass media ignored the voice of migrant workers, migrant workers deliberately exaggerated the negative image of the enterprise; the lack of social responsibility, in order to pursue high efficiency at the expense of the interests of migrant workers cost. These are factors that hinder the expression of interests of migrant workers. The effective realization of the interests of migrant workers, only rely on a person or a single group the power is not enough, also need to migrant workers, the government, social organizations, enterprises, media participation and efforts. We should not only improve the interests of migrant workers skills, playing the positive role of the media, the government should strengthen the service consciousness, actively play the service function, to protect the interests of migrant workers in the path to achieve expression right. The effective expression of interest in migrant workers, but also to strengthen the sense of social responsibility of enterprises, the main reason of migrant workers in the interests of dereliction of duty, The enterprise must sign labor contracts with migrant workers, strengthen the humanistic care for migrant workers. We should implement effective ningxinjuli, escort for the expression of the interests of migrant workers, so that migrant workers benefit expression gradually legalized and standardized way.

【学位授予单位】：南京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D412.6

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