社会保障对女性农民工身份认知的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 05:05

本文选题：女性农民工　切入点：城镇职工身份认知　出处：《浙江财经大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪80年代后期改革开放伊始,农村进城务工人员作为一支新兴的劳动队伍,日渐成为我国现代化建设的"主力军"。他们在城市中面临巨大工作风险,亟需社会保险支持以解决其在城市生活的后顾之忧。而"女性农民工"作为诺大城市中的"双重弱势群体",其在城市中的物质生活及精神生活不尽如人意。一些"有形"及"无形"的因素模糊着她们的身份认知,阻碍其城镇化的实现。但女性农民工具备城镇职工身份认知是实现农民工城镇化的重要一步,只有实现"母亲城镇化",才可能举家迁入城市实现家庭的城镇化,进而实现人的城镇化。因而,在我国推进新型城镇化取得新进展、亟待缩小城乡差距的背景下,农村进城务工女性的城镇身份认知日益成为一个具有鲜明中国特色的研究课题,但目前针对女性农民工的探讨主要聚焦于理论分析,缺乏完善而具体的经验支持。因此,本文以社会保障为研究视角,以身份认同理论为逻辑支撑,从心理认知层面探究促进女性农民工快速适应城市的路径。在考察浙江省女性农民工社会保障的参保现状基础上,进一步分析影响与模糊女性农民工身份认知的因素,并据此提出促进女性农民工转变城镇职工身份认知的相关对策。本文基于浙江省女性农民工社会保险参与现状的调查,实证探究影响女性农民工身份认知的因素。首先在借鉴前人成熟量表的基础上设计调查问卷,采用信度与效度检验预调查数据以考察量表的可信度与可行性;其次,先后对浙江省女性农民工个体基本特征、就业特征、社会保险参保现状进行描述性统计;随后采用独立样本T检验、交叉列联表等方法,分析浙江省农民工身份认知的性别差异及影响因素,并依次将通过显著性检验的影响因素纳入二元Logistic回归方程进一步探究女性农民工城镇职工身份认知转变的影响因素。最后,从总体上阐述模型的回归效果,结合理论与实际,对各个层面的影响因素进行具体解释。总结全文,在实证研究结果的基础上,得出本文的研究结论;在参考有关学者先进经验的基础上,提出从养老、医疗、生育、工伤、失业保险及保障性住房等方面采取措施促进女性农民工转变城镇职工身份认知的针对性建议。本文的研究结论主要体现在:(1)个体基本特征包括年龄、学历、签订劳动合同、在本公司工作年限等因素对女性农民工身份认知有显著性影响;(2)社会福利方面,如是否有生育二胎的意愿、是否曾经享受过保障性住房这些因素对女性农民工身份认知有显著性影响;(3)社会保险层面中参与养老保险、医疗保险、生育保险、工伤保险与失业保险与女性农民工城镇身份认知呈正相关关系;(4)工作因素层面中公司的女职工能够享受"四期"特殊待遇、公司对男女职工一视同仁等因素与女性农民工城镇职工身份认知呈正相关关系。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of reform and opening up in late 1980s, rural migrant workers, as a new labor force, have gradually become the "main force" of China's modernization drive. They face enormous work risks in the cities. Social security support is urgently needed to solve their worries in urban life. As a "double vulnerable group" in big cities, "female migrant workers" have less material and spiritual life in the cities. "tangible" and "invisible" factors obscure their identity, However, it is an important step to realize the urbanization of migrant workers. Only by realizing the "mother urbanization", can the whole family move to the city to realize the urbanization of the family. Therefore, under the background of the new urbanization in our country and the urgent need to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, the recognition of urban identity of rural migrant women has increasingly become a research subject with distinct Chinese characteristics. However, the current discussion on female migrant workers is mainly focused on theoretical analysis, lacking of perfect and concrete empirical support. Therefore, this paper takes the social security as the research perspective and the identity theory as the logical support. On the basis of investigating the status quo of social security of female migrant workers in Zhejiang Province, this paper further analyzes the factors that affect and obscure the identity cognition of female migrant workers. Based on the investigation of the status quo of female migrant workers in Zhejiang Province, the paper puts forward the relevant countermeasures to promote the female migrant workers to change their identity cognition in cities and towns. Empirical study of the impact of female migrant workers identity cognitive factors. Firstly, based on the previous mature questionnaire design questionnaire, using reliability and validity to test the pre-survey data to investigate the reliability and feasibility of the scale; second, The basic characteristics of female migrant workers in Zhejiang Province, employment characteristics, social insurance status quo are described successively, and then the independent sample T test, cross-list table and other methods are used. This paper analyzes the gender differences and influencing factors of migrant workers' identity cognition in Zhejiang Province, and further explores the influencing factors of identity cognition transformation of female migrant workers in cities and towns by incorporating the influencing factors through significance test into the binary Logistic regression equation. On the whole, the regression effect of the model is expounded, and the influence factors at various levels are explained concretely in combination with theory and practice. The full text is summarized, and the conclusion of this paper is drawn on the basis of the empirical research results. On the basis of referring to the advanced experience of relevant scholars, it is proposed that the pension, medical treatment, childbirth, industrial injury, Unemployment insurance and affordable housing and other measures to promote female migrant workers to change the identity of urban workers, the main conclusions of this study are: 1) the basic characteristics of the individual, including age, education, labor contracts, In terms of social welfare, such factors as the years of service of the company have a significant impact on the identity cognition of female migrant workers, such as whether there is a willingness to have a second child, Have you ever enjoyed affordable housing? these factors have a significant impact on the identity cognition of women migrant workers?) participation in old-age insurance, medical insurance, maternity insurance in the social insurance level. There is a positive correlation between industrial injury insurance and unemployment insurance and female migrant workers' urban identity cognition. (4) in the aspect of working factors, the female employees of the company can enjoy the special treatment of "four periods". Factors such as equal treatment for male and female workers in the company are positively correlated with the identity cognition of female migrant workers in cities and towns.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D412.6;F323.6;F842.61

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