新加坡人民行动党“政党优位协商”社会管理模式评析

发布时间：2018-03-08 12:57

本文选题：政党优位协商　切入点：新加坡人民行动党　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新加坡人民行动党自1959年起已执政近60年,成为世界上多党制国家中连续执政时间最长、对社会控制力最强的政党之一。在人民行动党的领导下,新加坡从贫穷落后的国家发展成为发达国家之一,其中的一个重要原因就是人民行动党很好的处理了与社会的关系。这种关系表现为政党优位协商的社会管理模式。政党优位协商是指在政党与社会的沟通过程中政党处于优势地位的协商形式。这一模式的形成与人民行动党密不可分。“政党优位协商”与发展主义紧密结合,有效地推动了新加坡的现代化进程。同时政党优位协商利用合作主义,把政党的意志上升为国家意志,要求社会围绕行动党政府的发展目标而凝聚力量,使整个社会成为国家目标的追随者。政党优位协商带来了经济发展的巨大成就,从这一方面来讲,对于后发展国家不失为一种好的管理模式。但同时也应该认识到,这一模式也面临着一定的挑战。因此本文从社会管理的角度切入,通过描述政党优位协商的社会管理模式的内容,总结这一模式取得的成绩和面临的挑战,来对其进行一定的评价和分析,进而反映出这一模式的存在价值和不足。本文分为以下几个部分:绪论,首先介绍本篇论文的选题依据和研究意义,然后介绍国内外的研究现状,包括介绍政党与社会的关系以及新加坡人民行动党处理社会关系的研究现状。再后是介绍本篇论文的研究思路和研究方法,最后说明本篇论文的创新之处和不足之处。第一部分:新加坡人民行动党与“政党优位协商”。在这一部分中阐述了政党的社会管理职能,梳理了人民行动党的发展历程及其社会基础,“政党优位协商”的内涵,以及在人民行动党治理下的新加坡社会发展形态。新加坡主要的社会组织形态可以说是合作主义政治组织,公民社会很不发达,独立性社会组织的发展受限等等,这些都是新加坡社会发展形态的具体表现。第二部分:新加坡人民行动党“政党优位协商”社会管理模式的主要内容。政党优位协商的社会管理模式实际上就是政党在进行社会管理的过程中,在与社会的沟通过程中,政党始终处于优势地位的协商形式。这一模式与新加坡自建国以来奉行的发展主义密切相关。人民行动党依靠发展主义导向来构建社会管理体系,以经济发展为首要目标,集中国内资源进行经济建设,以较高的经济水平和物质基础来化解社会矛盾,调节社会关系。政党优位协商模式通过推行合作主义来构建稳定的社会秩序。人民行动党建立并掌控合作主义的社会组织,在实际操作过程中注重与社群组织进行交流、合作和发展,发挥合作对于社会稳定的重要意义。政党优位协商模式还包括通过塑造价值观和打造公民组织来主导政治社会关系,依靠制度手段和法律手段来完善社会保障体系。第三部分:“政党优位协商”社会管理模式的成就及面临的挑战。人民行动党在这一模式下取得了相当大的成绩,具体的成绩可以从经济方面、社会保障方面、就业方面、社会秩序方面反映出来。同时这一模式也面临着社会结构的日益复杂、公民社会和公民组织的兴起、网络媒体的发展和反对党的壮大等等越来越多的挑战。第四部分:新加坡人民行动党“政党优位协商”社会管理模式评析。这一模式在新加坡的长期实行必然有着一定的独特性,它是新加坡这一后发展国家社会管理模式的伟大创举,为其他的后发展国家提供了借鉴经验。依靠制度化来完善社会管理体系对于进一步推进国家治理现代化具有重要的意义。当然,这一模式也存在着不足之处,难以解决与经济发展相适应的多元利益需求,限制了公民社会功能的有效发挥,以党代民的内涵过于丰富导致民主的内涵有所缺失,选民支持率下降、经济出现衰退等问题导致政党自身的合法性存在质疑。最后一部分主要是对通篇的总结,以及对政党优位协商这一社会管理模式的展望。新加坡人民行动党在与社会的沟通关系中,政党优位协商的态势明显。这种优势地位在短期内不会马上消失,但是随着经济水平的提高,社会表达和多元主义文化的发展,政党不能居于社会之上,不能长期占据优势地位,应该打造具有独立性和自主性的成熟社会。同时,中国与新加坡有很多相似之处,可以借鉴新加坡政府的先进经验。
[Abstract]:The people's Action Party of Singapore since 1959 has been in power for nearly 60 years, become a multi-party state in the world's longest continuous, one of the strongest social control. The people's Action Party in Singapore under the leadership of the party, from poor countries to become one of the developed countries, one important reason is the people's action the party is very good to deal with the relationship with the society. This relationship is the social management mode of party a party a negotiation. Negotiation refers to the communication process of Party and society in the political party in the dominant position of the consultation form. The formation of this model and the people's Action Party are inseparable. "Closely party priority negotiation with the development of Marxism, effectively promoted the modernization process of Singapore. At the same time the Party A to Party consultation by cooperation, will rise to the will of the state, society on line The development goal of the party and government strength, make the whole society become the country party followers. Superior negotiation brought tremendous achievements in economic development, from this perspective, the development of the country is in a good management model. But at the same time, it should be recognized that this model also faces some the challenge in this paper. Starting from the perspective of social management, through the description of a party negotiation mode of social management content, summed up this mode achievements and challenges to the evaluation and analysis of it, which reflects the mode of existence value and shortcomings. This paper is divided into the following parts the introduction, first introduced the background and significance of the study of this thesis, and then introduces the research status at home and abroad, including the relationship between Party and society and the people's Action Party of Singapore and social relations Study on the status of system. Then the research ideas and research methods are introduced in this paper. Finally this paper innovations and shortcomings. The first part: the Singapore People's Action Party and party a consultation ". In this part of the party's social management function, combing the development process of people's the actions of the party and its social foundation, connotation of" party a consultation ", and the people's Action Party of Singapore under the governance pattern of social development. Singapore's main form of social organization can be said to be the cooperation of political organization, civil society is not developed, the independence of social organizations development limited and so on, these are the specific performance of the society the development form of Singapore. The second part: the main content of people's Action Party of Singapore" party a consultation "social management mode. The actual social management mode of Party A on consultation Is the party in the process of social management, in the process of communication with the society, the party has always been in the dominant position of the consultation form. This model and Singapore pursued since the founding of the development of Marxism is closely related. The people's Action Party relying on development oriented to the construction of social management system, with economic development as the primary goal, focus on domestic resources for economic construction, with a higher level of economic and material basis to resolve social conflicts, regulate social relations. Party a negotiation mode through the implementation of cooperation to build a stable social order. The people's Action Party to establish and control cooperative social organization, with the emphasis on community organizations to communicate in the actual operation process, cooperation and the development of cooperative play is important for social stability. A party negotiation mode also includes by shaping the values and civic organizations to create the main The political and social relations, rely on institutional and legal means to improve the social security system. The third part: "the advantages and challenges of Party negotiation" mode of social management achievements. The people's Action Party has made considerable achievements in this mode, the specific results from the economic aspect, social security, employment hand, social order is reflected. At the same time, this model is also facing the increasingly complex social structure, the rise of civil society and civil organizations, the development of online media and the opposition grew more and more challenges and so on. The fourth part: the people's Action Party of Singapore "party a consultation" social management mode of this analysis. In the implementation of long-term pattern of Singapore will inevitably have a certain uniqueness. It is a great creation of national social development management mode of Singapore after this, the state for other development For experience. Rely on the system to improve the social management system is of great significance to further promote the modernization of national governance. Of course, this model has some shortcomings, it is difficult to solve the diverse needs and adapt to economic development, effectively limits the function of civil society, based on the connotation of the party on behalf of the people is too rich the connotation of democracy has led to lack of voter support rate of decline, the economic recession caused problems such as the legitimacy of Party itself being questioned. The last part is the summary and Prospect of full consultation, the social management mode of Party priority. The people's Action Party of Singapore in communication with the community relations, political parties and a negotiation situation is obvious. The dominant position in the short term will not immediately disappear, but with the improvement of economic level, social development and the expression of cultural pluralism, A political party cannot live on the top of the society and cannot occupy a dominant position for a long time. We should create a mature society with independence and autonomy. At the same time, China has many similarities with Singapore, which can learn from the advanced experience of the Singapore government.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D733.9

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