虚拟养老院在传统与新型养老模式中的作用研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 05:04

本文选题：虚拟养老院　切入点：养老模式　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：不论是政府还是社会,养老问题历来是牵动其神经的重要方面,如何解决老年人的养老问题也成为学者研究和探讨的热点。随着我国人口老龄化进程的加快以及家庭结构的重组变化,高龄、失能或半失能老人增加,人口抚养比上升以及家庭出现小型化、核心化、空巢化,为日益严峻的养老形势带来了巨大的压力。根据养老资金或服务提供主体的差别,通常将养老模式分为自我养老、家庭养老和社会养老。随着年龄的增长以及自理能力的下降,只有少数老年人能够实现自我养老,而家庭的小型化和空巢化,老人与子女的居住方式的改变,也使家庭养老功能日益减弱,因此,社会养老模式成为解决大多数老年人养老问题的主要方向。为了推进社会公正与公平,解决不同成员的各种后顾之忧,必须建成更加公平更加可持续的社会保障制度。《老年人权益保障法》中也规定建立和完善城市和农村社区养老服务,为生活于自己家中的年老长者提供日常照料、专业照护、心理安慰等多种形式的服务,是各不同级别地方政府的重要任务,同时也要引导和支持社会其他机构、组织或成员加入其中。从实际来看,我国多个地区也进行了居家养老模式试点,并取得了相当的成效。而借助互联网、通讯等技术的发展,虚拟养老模式进入社会公众的视野,有条件的地区已开始探索虚拟养老模式,整合社会各方要素,更好地解决"老有所养"问题。本文以虚拟养老院作为研究对象,从老年人日常生活和住房所在与养老服务供给方的结合出发定义了养老模式,将养老模式分为传统养老模式与新型养老模式,并将家庭、机构、居家这三种不同的养老模式进行优劣分析,论述了虚拟养老院在传统与新型养老模式中的重要作用。单靠某一种具体模式都无法满足日益增强的养老需求,明确了在新形势下,虚拟养老院是实现新型社会化养老模式的重要方式,也是互联网+背景下我国未来养老的主攻方向,虚拟养老院构建起家庭、机构组织和政府之间的桥梁,互联网+的形式创新了养老服务的供给,不仅利于优化资源配置,还能提高服务供给的水平和质量。只有搭建养老信息管理平台,通过家庭、社会机构、社会组织和政府的共同配合,才能更有效地为老年人提供养老服务;分析和探讨了构建虚拟养老院的必要性、可行性,展示了昆山乐惠居虚拟养老院案例,并提出了构建虚拟养老院的对策建议,希望能够为我国完善虚拟养老院建设提供可供参考的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Whether it is the government or the society, the problem of providing for the aged has always been an important aspect of its nerve. With the acceleration of the aging process and the reorganization of the family structure in China, the number of elderly, disabled or semi-incapacitated elderly has increased. The increasing dependency ratio of the population and the miniaturization, centralization and empty-nesting of the family bring great pressure to the increasingly severe situation of the aged. According to the difference of the main providers of pension funds or services, the old-age model is usually divided into self-pension. With the increase of age and the decline of self-care ability, only a few elderly people can realize self-supporting, while the family miniaturization and empty nest, the changes in the way of living for the elderly and their children, As a result, the social pension model has become the main direction to solve the problem of most elderly people. In order to promote social justice and equity, and to solve the various worries of different members, A more equitable and sustainable social security system must be put in place. The Law on the Protection of the Rights and interests of the elderly also provides for the establishment and improvement of urban and rural community pension services to provide daily care and professional care for older persons living in their own homes, Many forms of service, such as psychological comfort, are important tasks for local governments at different levels, and at the same time guide and support other organs, organizations, or members of society to join them. A number of regions in China have also carried out pilot projects on the home pension model, which has achieved considerable results. With the development of the Internet, communications and other technologies, the virtual pension model has entered the public's field of vision. The conditional regions have begun to explore the virtual pension model, integrate all the elements of the society, and better solve the problem of "a sense of security for the elderly". This paper takes the virtual nursing home as the research object. Starting from the combination of the daily life and housing of the elderly and the providers of the old-age service, the old-age model is defined, and the old-age model is divided into the traditional old-age model and the new old-age model, and the family and the institution. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these three different pension modes, and discusses the important role of the virtual nursing home in the traditional and new old-age care modes. Depending on one specific mode alone, it can not meet the increasing demand for the aged, and it is clear that under the new situation, Virtual nursing home is an important way to realize the new socialized old-age care model, and is also the main direction of our country's future old-age care under the background of the Internet. Virtual nursing home is a bridge between family, organization and government. The form of the Internet has innovated the supply of old-age services, which is not only conducive to optimizing the allocation of resources, but also to improving the level and quality of service supply. Only by setting up an information management platform for the aged, through the family and social institutions, Only with the cooperation of social organization and government, can we provide the aged more effectively, analyze and discuss the necessity and feasibility of constructing virtual nursing home, and demonstrate the case of Kunshan Lehui residence virtual nursing home. The author also puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the construction of the virtual nursing home, hoping to provide reference for the improvement of the construction of the virtual nursing home in our country.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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