宅基地使用权转让法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 23:02

本文选题：宅基地使用权　切入点：转让　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：宅基地使用权作为我国特有的一种用益物权,其本质上属于物权,具备财产属性。随着市场经济的发展,经济社会的进步基本都体现出从身份向契约的运动,而以片面强调社会保障性和秩序价值,固守农民身份并禁锢宅基地使用权转让的制度是对其物权性和财产性的违背,与时代发展不相宜。在十八届三中全会再次明确作出要“保障农户宅基地用益物权”,在试点地区探索实行农民住房财产权的抵押、担保及转让并力图实现推动“农村产权流转交易公开、公正、规范运行”之后,在当前众多的农村制度改革中,“保障农户宅基地用益物权,改革完善农村宅基地制度”已成为新时期农村土地制度改革中的重要内容。通过梳理宅基地使用权的转让现状,深度分析宅基地使用权的本质属性,得出在市场机制下,置重宅基地使用权财产属性,兼顾其保障属性,赋予其完整的物权权能;允许其在法律框架内自由转让,能够以市场手段优化资源配置,是破除城乡二元土地政策,实现城乡一体化发展的必然选择。本文以农村宅基地使用权转让法律制度为研究主题,除去引言和结语部分,共分为四个部分:第一部分,宅基地使用权转让的现状与问题。在对相关宅基地法律及政策梳理的基础上,理性看待大量隐形转让存在和多地转让试点的开展、正确分析宅基地使用权转让现状所反映出的立法价值取向偏失、激发法律与道德冲突、土地资源浪费等问题,是客观认识当前制度产生的社会效果,对宅基地使用权转让制度予以改造的现实基础。第二部分,宅基地使用权转让的正当化依据。主要从法律属性的视角说明宅基地使用权从性质上即具有可转让的正当性。在市场经济下,宅基地使用权财产属性的应然体现包括宅基地使用利益的经济化、权利利用的动态化、使用权权能的完整化。同时应将宅基地使用权的性质和分配请求权的性质区别开来,并结合当前对限制转让的理由的质疑,得出宅基地使用权的转让既有正当的法理依据支撑,也有重大的现实意义。第三部分,宅基地使用权转让的运行基础。主要从宅基地使用权财产属性对初始取得制度的要求出发,以有偿有期限为原则的初始取得制度能从为消除宅基地使用权身份性限制提供可能、回归宅基地使用权的财产属性和私权性质、建设城乡一体化用地市场等方面说明对现行初始取得制度予以改造是自由转让制度运行的前提,并从置重财产属性且兼顾保障功能的视角对该运行基础提出合理改造。第四部分,市场经济下宅基地使用权转让制度的构建。在前文探讨的基础之上,对在市场经济下允许宅基地使用权自由转让的制度提出具体构思。强调在遵循权属明晰、意志自由、适度干预的前提下,采取分步走策略逐步实现宅基地使用权的自由转让,并对转让的主体、客体及程序分别作出转让主体自由、转让客体权能完整且有期限性、依法转让并采登记生效主义等制度设计。
[Abstract]:Land use right as a usufructuary right of China, its essence belongs to real right, have the property. With the development of market economy, the economic and social progress are basically reflected from identity to contract, and to emphasize the social security and order value, stick to the status of farmers and the transfer of the right to use. The homestead system is a violation of the property right and property, disagrees with the development of the times. In the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee once again made clear "to protect farmers homestead usufruct, in the pilot area to explore the implementation of farmers living property property collateral, guarantees and transfer and promoting the realization of rural property transfer transaction open, fair, standardized operation", in the current reform of rural system in numerous "protect farmers homestead usufruct, reform and improve the rural homestead system" has become a new era of agricultural The important content of the reform of the village land system. Through the transfer of the right to use homestead status review, depth analysis of land use right nature, obtained under the market mechanism, the weight of the use right of homestead property, taking into account the security attributes, give the complete property right; allow the free transfer in the legal framework in the market means to optimize the allocation of resources, is to get rid of two yuan in urban land policy, the inevitable choice to realize the integration of urban and rural development. In this paper, the transfer of legal system of rural homestead use right as the research subject, in addition to the introduction and conclusion, is divided into four parts: the first part, the present situation and problems of the transfer of land use right. Based on the relevant laws and policies of homestead review, to carry out a rational view of a large number of invisible transfer and to transfer pilot, the correct analysis of land use right transfer of the counter The legislative value orientation reflects the deviation, stimulate the conflict between law and morality, the problems such as the waste of land resources, is an objective understanding of the current system of social effect, the realistic basis on the homestead right to use the transfer of reform. The second part, the transfer of Homestead Land use right as basis. Mainly from the legal attribute of the view that from the nature of land use right that has the legitimacy transferable. Under the market economy, should the use right of homestead property include land use economic interests, the right to use dynamic, integrated use of power. At the same time should be the right of claim and the distribution of the homestead right of use the nature of the distinction, and combined with the current restrictions on the transfer of the right to the use of reason to question that the homestead transfer not only has the legal basis for proper support, but also has great practical significance. The third part house The basic operation base use right transfer. Mainly from the homestead right to use property of the initial acquisition system, to have paid the initial period of the principle of access to the system from may provide for the elimination of the use right of homestead identity restrictions, property and private property right to use homestead regression, with the integration of urban and rural areas the market and other aspects of the current system to be made on the initial transformation is the premise of running free transfer system, and from the heavy property and protect the function of the visual angle and put forward the reasonable transformation of the operation foundation. The fourth part, the construction land use right transfer system under market economy. Based on the above discussion, put forward specific the idea in the market economy to allow the free transfer of homestead use right system. Emphasis on follow clear management authority, free will, under the premise of moderate intervention, take Step by step strategy gradually realizes the free transfer of the right to use the homestead, and transfers the main body, the object and the procedure separately to make the transfer corpus free, the transfer of the object's power and integrity and the time limit, the law transfer and the registration validity doctrine and so on.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.2;D922.3

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