基于不同利益相关者认知分析的生态移民安置区生态风险识别

发布时间：2018-03-29 04:24

本文选题：生态移民安置区　切入点：生态风险　出处：《应用生态学报》2017年09期

【摘要】：生态移民安置区内,不同群体在生态环境保护方面存在复杂的利益冲突.基于安置区内利益群体对风险类别、干扰强度的识别,构建相应的决策模型,是生态移民安置区生态风险管理亟待解决的重要课题.本文依据利益相关者理论划分出生态移民安置区4类不同利益群体,并采用参与式半结构访谈法和定性聚合法,构建了3类一级变量和13个二级变量的生态风险因子体系,进一步运用模糊认知图模型(FCM)和人工神经网络(ANN)开展生态移民安置区生态风险识别.结果表明:从利益相关者群体生态风险变量认知来看,其共同点是不同利益群体对垃圾污染风险变量提及数量最多,但整体上又存在显著差异,即管理者注重环境保护政策的制定和实施;居民则关注生活水平的提高,且直接关系到其环保意识和行为;经济活动者多追求经济利益;环境保护者专注于生态环境问题.不同利益相关者群体认知图论指数结果显示,管理者和环境保护者对安置区生态风险认知较为全面且清晰.从安置区4方利益相关者的整体风险认知结果来看,生态环境风险因子显著影响居民的人身安全及满意度;公共政策对安置区风险管理起关键作用;风险变量的中心度结果进一步表明,提高居民生活水平是防范生态风险的关键.从利益相关者群体生态风险感知与管理情景模拟结果来看,解决垃圾污染有助于生态环境整体改善,且关键是要完善和落实相关公共政策;建立健全社会保障制度,直接关系居民生活水平和环保行为;加强基础设施建设,影响景观生态格局、生物生境和多样性,同时可提高居民满意度和公众参与度.
[Abstract]:In the ecological resettlement area, different groups have complex conflicts of interest in ecological environment protection. Based on the identification of risk types and interference intensity, the corresponding decision-making model is constructed. Ecological risk management in ecological resettlement area is an important issue to be solved urgently. According to stakeholder theory, this paper divides four different interest groups in ecological resettlement resettlement area, and adopts participatory semi-structural interview and qualitative aggregation method. The ecological risk factor system of 3 kinds of first class variables and 13 second class variables was constructed. Furthermore, the fuzzy cognitive map model (FCM) and artificial neural network (Ann) are used to identify ecological risk in ecological resettlement areas. The results show that: from the perspective of the cognition of ecological risk variables of stakeholder groups, The common denominator is that different interest groups mention the most garbage pollution risk variables, but there are significant differences on the whole, that is, managers pay attention to the formulation and implementation of environmental protection policies, and residents pay attention to the improvement of living standards. It is directly related to their consciousness and behavior of environmental protection; economic activists tend to pursue economic interests; environmentalists focus on ecological environmental problems. The results of cognitive graph theory of different stakeholder groups show that, Managers and environmental protectors have a comprehensive and clear understanding of the ecological risk in the resettlement area. From the overall risk cognition results of the stakeholders in the resettlement area, the ecological environmental risk factors significantly affect the residents' personal safety and satisfaction. Public policies play a key role in risk management in resettlement areas; the centrality of risk variables further indicates that. Improving the living standard of residents is the key to prevent ecological risk. According to the results of stakeholder group ecological risk perception and management scenario simulation, solving garbage pollution is helpful to the overall improvement of ecological environment. The key is to improve and implement the relevant public policies, to establish and improve the social security system, directly related to the living standards of residents and environmental protection behavior, to strengthen infrastructure construction, to affect landscape ecological patterns, biological habitats and diversity, At the same time, it can improve residents' satisfaction and public participation.
【作者单位】：宁夏大学资源环境学院;宁夏(中阿)旱区资源评价与环境调控重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41461039)资助~~
【分类号】：X32

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