社会流动视阈下农村“知识型”流动男青年的择偶困境分析

发布时间：2018-04-01 10:01

本文选题：社会流动　切入点：知识型流动青年　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：感知中国社会发展,"流动"已成为新常态。近三十年众多的社会学学者专注于此领域,研究成果全方位展现了流动人口的流动动因、影响因素以及生存、就业、社会保障、社会网络关系和市民化过程的新面貌,提出了很多宝贵的发展意见。随着第一批流动人口的逐渐老去,新生代流动人口将占主体地位,已有数据显示在1.4亿流动人口中,18-35岁的青年人口的比例超过70%,多达1亿之众。于他们而言,在青年阶段最重要的一项社会化任务就是成家,因此流动青年的婚姻家庭问题是在关注流动人口的流动状态和管理之外所不可忽视的重要议题。在此研究导向下,笔者聚焦微观层面,提出本文的研究题目是:社会流动视阈下农村"知识型"流动男青年的择偶困境分析。择偶是缔结婚姻的重要环节,然而如今频繁出现的"择偶难"与"逼婚"现象,预警新生代流动人口的择偶出现了不可预估的风险。根据已有文献资料可知,学术界对于"务工型"流动青年即新生代农民工的择偶状态研究已初见成果,而通过接受高等教育流入城市的"知识型"青年特别是男性青年却备受冷落。他们具有文化优势,被看作是国家栋梁,但事实证明他们在婚姻家庭中承受着更大的物质与精神压力,甚至无法如己所愿成立家庭,他们和新生代农民工一样因为"流动"属性而在择偶市场中处于弱势地位。所以在社会流动视阂下,去探究农村"知识型"流动男青年在择偶过程遇到哪些难题以及产生这些困难的原因,具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。本文首先采用文献研究法和实地研究法相结合的方法对农村"知识型"流动男青年的生存现状、择偶模式、择偶困境进行了详尽的社会学分析。整体来看,他们的生存现状与择偶模式之间既有融合之处又存在矛盾与冲突。一方面他们在主观上会利用自身的文化资本积极融入城市生活,这种流动经历会影响他们的择偶观念和行为,使其择偶模式呈现出很多现代化的特征。但更多时候他们会在客观上遭受被动的社会隔离,生存状况并不乐观,致使理想中的择偶模式无法实现,陷入择偶困境。依据以上信息,可以归纳出农村"知识型"流动男青年的三点择偶困境:首先是城市择偶难度增加;其次是面临中国式"逼婚";最后是陷入两难的"本地择偶"。接下来,笔者在社会流动的理论框架下深入分析了产生择偶困境的原因,认为农村"知识性"流动男青年的社会流动经历深深影响着他们的择偶行为,塑造出全新的择偶模式,但其仍受制于流动后的各种现实状况,无法顺利实现择偶。具体体现在以下五点:一、社会流动下择偶更具自主性;二、社会流动引发交往隔离;三、在城市中缺乏社会保障及社会支持网络;四、传统与现代择偶观的碰撞;五、边缘身份和家庭压力的双重作用。综上所述,本文的研究结论是:农村"知识性"流动男青年面临择偶困境,并且这种困境的产生与他们特有的流动经历息息相关。
[Abstract]:Chinese perception of social development, the "flow" has become the new norm. In recent thirty years, many scholars focus on this field. The research results show the full range of flow dynamics of floating population, the influence factors and survival, employment, social security, the new face of social network relations and the process of urbanization, put forward a lot of valuable the development of opinion. With the first batch of floating population is aging, the new generation of migrant population will be the dominant position, according to the data obtained in the 140 million floating population, 18-35 young people aged over 70% of the total population, up to 100 million people. To them, in a society of the most important task of the youth stage is married. The question of marriage and family floating youth is an important issue in the flow state of floating population and management can not be ignored. In this study, under the guidance, the author focuses on the micro level, this paper. The topic is: analysis of the spouse plight of young men in rural areas "knowledge" from the perspective of social flow flow. Mate is an important part of marriage, but now the frequent appearance of "difficult choice" and "forced" phenomenon, the new generation of migrant population warning mate there can not be risk prediction. According to the existing literature the academic community for the "migrant workers" is the study of the flow of young mate state of the new generation of migrant workers has achieved initial results, and by accepting higher education into the city "knowledge" of young people especially young men have ignored. They have cultural advantages, is regarded as the pillar of the state, but the fact that they suffer physical and mental pressure more in the marriage and family, even as we wish to set up a family, they and the new generation of migrant workers as the "flow" attribute on the mating Market in a weak position in the society. So in the stream The dynamic perspective, to explore the "knowledge" of rural migrant males what are the problems encountered in the process of symmetry and the causes of these difficulties, it has very important theoretical and practical significance. Firstly, using the method of literature research and field research method of combining the "knowledge flow" of rural living situation, young men mate selection model, the spouse plight of a detailed sociological analysis. Overall, both fusion places has contradictions and conflicts between the living situation and their mate model. On the one hand they would use the capital itself actively integrate into the city life in the subjective experience, this flow will affect their mate concept and behavior. The mating model shows many modern features. But more often they suffer social isolation passive objectively, survival situation is not optimistic, resulting in an ideal mate die Type cannot be achieved. Based on the above information into the spouse plight, can sum up the rural knowledge flow three spouse plight young men: the first is to increase the difficulty of city is the second mate; China "forced" facing dilemma; finally is "local mate". Then, the theoretical framework of social mobility the in-depth analysis of the causes of the spouse plight, that the "knowledge" flow of social mobility young men experience deeply influence the behavior of their spouse, create a new mate model, but it is still subject to a variety of flow after the reality of the situation, to achieve the mate. Embodied in the following five points: social mobility, spouse under more autonomy; two, social mobility caused contact isolation; three, the lack of social security and social support network in the city; four, the collision of traditional and modern concept of spouse; five, marginal identity and family pressure To sum up, the conclusion of this paper is that the rural knowledge mobility is facing the dilemma of mate selection, and this dilemma is closely related to their unique flow experience.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.1;C912.82

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