西安市生态城市发展水平评价及其优化路径研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 04:24

本文选题：生态城市　切入点：指标体系　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,快速发展的城镇化在带来国民经济快速发展及城镇居民福祉改善的同时,也引发了一系列生态环境问题。尤其是近些年,雾霾的加重、水质的恶化、土地的污染直接阻碍了居民生活水平的提高。因此,党和国家越来越重视生态文明的概念,提出城市的发展要走集约、智能、绿色、低碳的道路。在这种背景下,西安作为全国城镇体系的核心、创新试点城市以及一带一路沿线关键节点,积极开展生态城市建设实践,努力打造“品质西安、美丽西安”。客观评价西安当前生态城市发展水平,探索其生态城市建设中的优劣势因素,对西安今后生态城市的建设具有重要意义。本文在现有研究的基础上,结合可持续发展理论、资源环境承载力理论、系统论和循环经济理论,对生态城市的内涵进行解析。再从生态城市的内涵出发,遵循指标科学性与数据可得性原则,从环境、经济、社会三个维度选取25个原始指标,再运用2014年30个直辖市、省会城市的数据,利用因子分析法析取公因子,提取出了能反映城市环境、经济、社会三个维度的11个公因子,最后采用熵值法对准则层进行赋值,计算出客观权重,构建出了较为科学合理的生态城市发展水平评价的指标体系。运用该指标体系对于2014年全国直辖市、省会城市的生态城市发展水平进行排名,西安市排名19,处于全国同类城市中下游。在指标体系的基础上,本文采取次约束法探索了西安市生态城市建设中的优势及劣势因素,发现西安市生态城市发展中的优势因素主要有经济结构、医疗教育、社会保障;劣势因素主要有环境治理、空气质量、经济实力和就业状况;其他因素如资源承载、绿化情况、经济效率和绿色交通虽不是其发展的瓶颈,但和得分较高的城市相比依旧竞争力不足,需要进一步加强。对西安市生态城市发展水平和各因素演变情况分析得出,西安市生态城市发展水平总体呈现上升趋势,但在2013年有所下降。最后,本文基于研究结果及国际生态城市建设的经验,提出了西安生态城市发展路径优化的措施,不仅要全面提升城市规划的科学性,也要推进环境、经济、社会子系统的优化。生态环境改善方面要严格制定排放标准,增加绿地面积,提高环境治理水平,推动资源的再生利用;经济方面要进一步优化经济结构,推进产业升级,鼓励发展清洁能源与环保产业,打造高端服务业;社会方面加强社会保障,提高居民的文化水平和职业技能,并且建立绿色交通网络体系。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of urbanization has not only brought about the rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of the well-being of urban residents, but also caused a series of ecological and environmental problems, especially in recent years, with the aggravation of haze and the deterioration of water quality. The pollution of the land directly hinders the improvement of the living standard of the residents. Therefore, the Party and the country pay more and more attention to the concept of ecological civilization, and put forward the road of intensive, intelligent, green and low carbon for the development of the city. Xi'an, as the core of the national urban system, innovates the pilot cities and key nodes along Belt and Road, actively develops the practice of eco-city construction, and strives to create "quality Xi'an," It is of great significance for the construction of ecological city in Xi'an to evaluate objectively the development level of ecological city in Xi'an, and to explore the advantages and disadvantages in the construction of ecological city. Based on the theory of sustainable development, the theory of carrying capacity of resources and environment, the theory of system and circular economy, the connotation of ecological city is analyzed. In the three dimensions of economy and society, 25 original indicators were selected, and then the data of 30 municipalities directly under the Central Government and provincial capitals in 2014 were used to extract the common factors, which can reflect the urban environment and economy. The 11 common factors of the three dimensions of society are assigned to the criterion layer by entropy method, and the objective weight is calculated. A scientific and reasonable index system for evaluating the development level of ecological cities is established, which is used to rank the development level of ecological cities in the cities directly under the Central Government and provincial capitals in 2014. Xi'an is ranked 19, located in the middle and lower reaches of the similar cities in China. Based on the index system, this paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of ecological city construction in Xi'an by using the sub-constraint method. It is found that the dominant factors in the development of ecological city in Xi'an are economic structure, medical education, social security; inferior factors include environmental control, air quality, economic strength and employment status; other factors such as carrying resources and greening, Although economic efficiency and green transportation are not the bottleneck of their development, they are still less competitive than the cities with higher scores, and need to be further strengthened. The analysis of the level of development and the evolution of various factors of ecological city in Xi'an shows that, The development level of ecological city in Xi'an is on the whole rising, but it has declined in 2013. Finally, based on the research results and the experience of international eco-city construction, this paper puts forward some measures to optimize the development path of Xi'an eco-city. It is necessary not only to comprehensively enhance the scientific nature of urban planning, but also to promote the optimization of environmental, economic and social subsystems. In the area of ecological environment improvement, it is necessary to strictly formulate emission standards, increase the area of green space, and raise the level of environmental governance. Promote the regeneration and utilization of resources; further optimize the economic structure, promote industrial upgrading, encourage the development of clean energy and environmental protection industries, and create high-end services; and strengthen social security. Improve the education level and vocational skills of the residents, and establish a green transportation network system.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X821

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