广西农村剩余劳动力转移规律及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 16:59

本文选题：农村　切入点：剩余劳动力　出处：《广西大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：通过选取典型地区发放问卷,实地调研农村剩余劳动力的发展现状,了解外出就业影响因素,为今后促进农村剩余劳动力有效转移及产业升级提供充分的理论与实证依据。研究结果表明:1、广西从业人员数量呈现“N”型波动趋势,第一产业从业人员数量呈现“M”型波动下降的趋势,广西农村剩余劳动力数量历年变化规律呈现出“倒U”型的下降发展趋势,在2010年达到最高点。2、2-5人的家庭规模成为农村家庭规模主流人口规模结构;平均家庭青壮年、男性、外出务工人口占家庭人口平均比例分别达到了 66.6%、58.3%、43.2%;73.4%的农村家庭承包土地面积在0.667公顷以下;将近50%的外出就业劳动力年龄在21-30岁,并且以未婚男性为主,少数民族的比例也达到了 25.71%;劳动力受教育年限分布趋于正态分布,劳动力文化水平不断提高;80.8%的平均月收入水平都在2000-4000元之间,50%以上的劳动力外出务工年限在5年以内;就业地域仍然以省外为主,但省内比例在逐步提高;第三产业成为主要从事行业;在就业环境方面,有21.02%的农民曾经被拖欠过工资。3、家庭规模、外出务工人口占家庭人口比例、婚姻、文化水平对劳动力继续外出就业意愿有正向影响,家庭承包土地面积、年龄、民族、工资被拖欠对外出就业意愿有负向影响;就业地域为省内的劳动力更愿意继续外出就业。收入水平已经不成为农村剩余劳动力外出就业的唯一关键影响因素,城市“拉力”、农村“推力”动力减弱,劳动力到省外就业的意愿强度逐步下降。4、本文提出以下建议:加快推进劳动力供给侧改革,挖掘二次人口红利;完善社会保障体系,释放劳动力“家庭与就业”压力;推进农业规模经营与技术扩散,强化转移就业“推力”;优化农村产业结构,构建综合化转移模式;着力精准扶贫,降低劳动力转移制度性摩擦。
[Abstract]:Through selecting typical areas to issue questionnaires, the paper investigates the development status of rural surplus labor force on the spot, and finds out the influencing factors of the employment out of the country, and provides sufficient theoretical and empirical basis for promoting the effective transfer and industrial upgrading of rural surplus labor force in the future.The results show that the number of employees in Guangxi shows a trend of "N" fluctuation, while the number of employees in the primary industry shows a downward trend of "M" type fluctuations.The changes of rural surplus labor force in Guangxi over the years showed a downward trend of "inverted U" type. In 2010, the family size of 2.2-5 people became the mainstream population structure of rural household size, and the average family size was young and mature, male.The average proportion of migrant workers in the household population has reached 66.6% or 58.33.2% of the rural households' contracted land area is below 0.667 hectares, and nearly 50% of the migrant workers are aged 21-30 years, and most of them are unmarried men.The proportion of ethnic minorities has also reached 25.71%, the distribution of the number of years of education of the labor force tends to be normal, and the average monthly income level of 80.8% of the labor force is constantly increasing in the range of 2000-4000 yuan, and the average monthly income level of 80.8% of the labor force is in the range of 2000-4000 yuan.The employment area is still mainly outside the province, but the proportion in the province is gradually increasing; the tertiary industry has become the main profession; in terms of the employment environment, 21.02% of the peasants have been defaulted on wages. 3, the family size, and the proportion of migrant workers to the family population.Marriage and education level have a positive influence on the willingness of the labor force to continue to go out for employment. The land area, age, nationality and salary default of the family contract have a negative effect on the willingness to go out for employment.Employment area for the province's labor force is more willing to continue to go out for employment.The income level has not become the only key influencing factor for the rural surplus labor force to go out for employment. The urban "pull force" and the rural "thrust" force are weakened.The paper puts forward the following suggestions: speeding up the labor supply-side reform, excavating the secondary population dividend, perfecting the social security system, releasing the pressure of "family and employment" of labor force;We should promote agricultural scale management and technology diffusion, strengthen the "thrust" of transferring employment, optimize the rural industrial structure, construct a comprehensive transfer model, and focus on accurate poverty alleviation and reduce the institutional friction of labor force transfer.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D422.6;F323.6

【相似文献】