中国社会保障理念的演变与创新

发布时间：2018-04-13 19:41

本文选题：社会保障 + 理念演变　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会保障理念作为人脑中反映出来的对于社会保障的观念集合,凝聚了人们在认识和理解社会保障制度的过程中所具有的理性思考和客观考量。社会保障理念的演变梳理和创新确立有助于科学的制定社会保障政策,健康的引导社会保障事业,积极的促进政府转变职能,高效的服务民生经济发展,切实关乎国家的长治久安与全民福祉。社会保障理念在中国和西方福利国家分别经历了不同阶段的演变过程。新中国建国以来,在经济、政治、道德文化等多种因素的影响下,社会保障理念顺应经济体制改革和全球化发展趋势,主要经历了三个阶段的演变,建国初期以平均主义为保障原则,改革开放初期提倡效率至上,社会主义市场经济时期呼吁社会公平正义,在改革中逐步明晰了肯定人、尊重人、保护人的思想价值,不断凸显社会公正,在顺应时代发展潮流、依托经济成熟程度的演变规律中着力构造“广覆盖、保基本、多层次、可持续”的城乡一体化的社会保障体系。与此同时,六十多年社会保障制度和政策的实践引发了学界对何种社会保障理念适合我国国情的争议,并形成了四种代表性的理论模式,分别是平等主义、效率主义、社会公正和差序平等,每一种理论所具有的合理性和局限性共存。西方福利国家的社会保障制度起步早,发展成熟,可供借鉴的思想价值丰富,根据嬗变过程中体现出的特点,将西方福利国家的社会保障理念划分为五种,每一种理念都反映了特定时期所具有的政治、经济和文化特点,是受当时的思想、社会、经济和政治因素影响的。西方福利国家的社会保障制度走在世界前列有其可取之处,为我国发展社会保障事业提供了追求可持续发展、注重法律制度和明确人的主体地位的经验借鉴。我国社会保障事业从非制度化走向制度化,与社会保障理念息息相关,可以说确立何种社会保障理念将直接影响着未来社会保障制度的发展走向。鉴于目前国内仍未形成一个明确的、足以统揽社会保障全局的价值理念,在梳理社会保障理念演变的基础上,以我国的现实国情为依据,创新性地提出社会保障增效化理念。增效化理念作为一个吸纳整合的价值系统,它将公平、正义、效率、法治、人本等思想价值有机融合,旨在实现1+12的政策效果,其系统性、开放性、普适性的特点决定了增效化理念具有良好的适应和可拓展能力,有利于降低改革成本。理念的创新不是目的,为实现增效化理念的现实应用,从政策执行角度提出五条实现路径,一是推动立法进程,加快社会保障法治建设;二是改进管理思路,优化社会保障制度设计;三是重视宣传教育,培育社会保障价值认同;四是落实民情调查,建立社会保障沟通机制;五是强化执行力度,完善社会保障监督网络。本文的第一章是绪论,在这一章主要对选题的背景意义、国内外的研究现状、研究的思路与方法、研究的创新点和难点等内容进行了阐述。第二章主要梳理和阐述相关的概念和理论基础,对理念和社会保障理念进行阐释,运用基础理论为研究提供支撑。第三章主要梳理中国社会保障理念自建国以来的演变历程,分析和论述社会保障理念在各个具体阶段的演变、演变的基础和规律。第四章主要梳理社会保障理念在西方福利国家的嬗变历程,探究和总结其嬗变原因以及对中国社会保障事业发展的经验启示。第五章提出了创新的社会保障增效化理念,从定义、特点、内涵体系等角度全面展现增效化理念,并提出社会保障增效化理念的实现路径。
[Abstract]:As the social security concept reflected in the brain for social security concept set, embodies the rational thinking of people in the course of knowledge and understanding of the social security system and social security objective considerations. The evolution of the concept of carding and innovation helps to establish the scientific development of the social security policy, health guidance of social security, actively promote the transformation of government functions, economic development, people's livelihood, and relates to the long period of stability and the welfare of the people of the country. The social security concept were evolved in different stage of Chinese and western welfare state. Since the founding of new Chinese, in the economic, political, cultural and moral influence of many factors, with the idea of social security the reform of economic system and the globalization trend of development, mainly experienced three stages of development, founding on the equilibrium principle of security, change The reform and opening up early advocate efficiency first, socialist market economy calls for social justice in the reform gradually clear positive people, respect people, to protect people's ideas and values, continue to highlight the social justice, the development trend of the times, the evolution law of economic maturity relying on the efforts to construct the "wide coverage, basic, multi-level the integration of urban and rural areas, sustainable" social security system. At the same time, more than 60 years of practice of social security system and policy led to the academic community to which social security concept suitable for our country dispute, and formed the theoretical mode of four kinds of representative, respectively, egalitarianism, social justice and efficiency, equality and difference, with the coexistence of each theory. The rationality and limitation of the western welfare state social security system started early, mature, can be used for reference to the value of wealth, according to the Embody the characteristics in the evolution process of the social security of the western welfare state concept is divided into five kinds, each kind of ideas are reflected in the specific period of political, economic and cultural characteristics, is influenced by ideology, social, economic and political factors. The western welfare state social security system in the world has its merits, provides the pursuit of sustainable development for China's development of social security, legal system and a clear focus on the role of human experience. China's social security system from the non institutionalized, and is closely related to the social security concept, can be said to establish what kind of social security concept will directly affect the the future development trend of the social security system. In view of the current domestic has not yet formed a clear concept of value to social security, the overall situation, in combing the evolution of the concept of social security On the basis of the present situation in our country as the basis, puts forward the innovative efficiency of social security concept. As a concept of efficiency to absorb integrated value system, it will be fair, justice, efficiency, rule of law, the idea of the value of organic integration, to achieve the 1+12 policy effect, the system of open. Of universal characteristics determine the efficiency of the concept has good adaptation and development ability, to reduce the cost of reform. The concept of innovation is not the purpose, practical application of the concept of efficiency from the angle of policy execution, put forward five implementation path, one is to promote the legislative process of social security, accelerate the construction of the rule of law; the two is to improve the management idea, the optimization design of social security system; three is the emphasis on education, cultivate the social security value identity; the four is to implement public survey, the establishment of a social security communication mechanism; five is to strengthen enforcement, improve The social security supervision network. In this paper, the first chapter is the introduction, in this chapter, the main background and significance of the topic, research status at home and abroad, research ideas and methods, research innovation points and difficult points are described in detail. The concept and theoretical foundation of the second chapter mainly combs and explains the related concepts, explains and the social security concept, use the basic theory to provide support for the research. The third chapter mainly combs Chinese social security concept evolution since the founding of new China, the evolution analysis and discusses the social security concept in different stages, foundation and evolution. The fourth chapter mainly explores the social security concept in the evolution of the western welfare state, and inquiry to summarize the evolution of the reasons and inspirations for the development of China social security. The fifth chapter puts forward the concept of social security, synergistic innovation from the definition, characteristics, endosomes The concept of synergism is presented in a comprehensive way, and the realization path of the concept of social security synergy is put forward.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.1

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