沈北新区农村土地流转及征收中失地农民安置研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 17:25

本文选题：土地流转 + 土地征收　；参考：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：土地作为重要的农业资源,土地利用是农业资源利用领域研究的热点和重点,在我国农业规模经营,农业现代化,农业机械化以及土地节约集约利用的发展需求下,实现农村土地高效、合理利用的途径之一是农村土地流转和土地征收。土地流转是在农村集体范围内,将土地承包经营权进行流转,而土地征收是以政府为实施主体,通过严格程序将村集体土地转为国有土地,流转和征收都是实现土地资源优化配置的重要途径。本文基于两种途径,分析两种途径的共性,流转和征收实质上均产生大量失地农民,流转和征收都是“土地易主”行为,经营权、使用权或所有权转移,失去土地的农民不再是从事农业生产的农民,也不是城市居民,失地农民劳动技能单一、文化素质较低,失去土地,失去经济来源和生活保障。因此,妥善解决农村土地流转和征收中失地农民安置问题,解决失地农民生产生活问题,是农村土地流转和征收顺利开展的必要举措。本文重点研究农村土地被流转及土地征收过程中失地农民安置问题。本文首先运用ENVI4.5软件对遥感影像进行波谱处理、解译和后期处理等一系列操作。研究采用监督分类方法进行地物信息的提取,结合该地区土地利用现状图发现,结合研究区特点,土地利用分类系统确定为:耕地(01)、园地(02)、林地(03)、草地(04)、城镇村及工矿用地(20)、交通运输用地(10)、水域及水利设施用地(11)、其他土地(12)等土地利用类型。通过研究沈北新区2008、2010、2013年土地利用状况,重点对比三个时间点耕地的变化情况。耕地减少,建设用地增加。土地合法利用范围内,农村土地利用发生变化,特别是耕地发生变化,是土地流转和征收的结果。进而本文对流转和征收安置问题进行研究。调研沈北新区安置情况,介绍失地农民生产生活现状,对沈北新区现行失地农民主要安置方式,异地移民安置及货币+住房安置进行利弊分析,通过开展实地调研,分析失地农民安置效果,发现存在的问题,继而提出创新对策。通过借鉴国内外安置案例经验,宏观上提出完善对策,对策建议不仅仅针对沈北新区,而是国家层面的建议,对我国各地失地农民安置工作的开展均有借鉴意义。本文重点创新沈阳市沈北新区失地农民安置,具体案例具体分析,基于可持续生计,创新安置方式要克服单一货币补偿所存在的缺陷,切实地解决农民长远利益和当前利益、发展与生存等系列问题,使广大的失地农民能够分享到土地流转和征收的成果。显然,只有综合模式才能符合以上目标要求,并非单一的模式。根据上述目标,创新社会保障,货币补偿,就业服务,政府监管相结合的新方式是未来安置补偿的理想方式。论文的选题立足农村土地流转和征收,现有对农村土地流转的研究多集中在土地流转的方式和土地流转的制度等,对土地征收的研究多集中在征地补偿标准和征地争议等,而将流转与征收相结合,研究流转和征收效果及失地农民安置涉及较少,论文以此为出发点,深入研究,研究失地农民安置,是土地流转最终结果的体现,是征地顺利进行的保障。本文研究为土地流转和土地征收工作在政策制定和工作开展提供参考。
[Abstract]:As an important agricultural land resources, land use is a hot and key research fields in the utilization of agricultural resources, agricultural scale management, modernization of our country agriculture, agricultural mechanization and intensive land use development demand, realize the efficient way of rural land, the rational use of the rural land circulation and land expropriation of land transfer is. In the rural collective land within the scope of the right to the contracted management of land transfer, land expropriation and the government for the implementation of the main body, through the strict procedure of village collective land into state-owned land, circulation and collection is an important way to realize the allocation of land resources optimization. In this paper, two ways based on the analysis of two ways in common circulation and collection are essentially a large number of landless farmers, circulation and collection are "land owners" behavior, management rights, the right to use or transfer of ownership, land lost farmers Is no longer the farmers engaged in agricultural production, nor city residents, farmers single work skills, cultural quality is low, the loss of land, economic loss and social security. Therefore, the proper settlement of landless peasants and rural land expropriation, solve the loss of farmers' production and living problems, it is necessary to rural land circulation and a smooth development. This paper focuses on the problem of landless farmers resettlement of rural land circulation and land expropriation process. This paper uses ENVI4.5 software for spectrum processing of remote sensing image interpretation and processing period after a series of operations. Using supervised classification method for extracting feature information, combined with the current situation of land use in the area that and according to the characteristics of the study area, the land use classification system is determined as follows: (01) land, garden (02), woodland (03), grassland (04), urban village and industrial land (20), Transportation land (10), and water conservancy facilities land (11), (12) other land and other land use types. Through the study of Shenbei New Area 200820102013 years of land use change, focusing on comparing the three time points of arable land. The reduction of arable land, the increase of construction land. Land use of rural legal range. Land use change, especially the cultivated land change is land transfer and collection results. Then the transfer and carry out research on the problem of rehousing. Investigation of Shenbei New Area resettlement, the life production situation of landless farmers, for farmers in Shenbei New Area's current main land resettlement, resettlement and off-site housing resettlement money + to analyze the pros and cons, through to carry out field research, analysis of the resettlement of landless peasants, find the problems, then put forward the Countermeasures of innovation. By drawing on the experience of resettlement cases at home and abroad, put forward the macro Countermeasures, countermeasures and suggestions not only for Shenbei New Area, but at the national level, our country of the landless farmers resettlement work has referential significance. This paper focuses on the innovation of Shenyang city resettlement of landless peasants in Shenbei New Area, the specific analysis of specific cases, sustainable livelihoods based on innovative ways of resettlement to overcomes disadvantages of single monetary compensation, and to solve the long-term interests of farmers and the interests of the survival and development of a series of problems, so that the majority of the landless peasants to share land circulation and collection results. Obviously, only the integrated model can meet the above requirements, not a single model. Based on the above objectives, social security, innovation of monetary compensation, employment services, new government supervision of the combination is ideal for the future of the compensation and resettlement of the topic based on the circulation of rural land and rural land expropriation, existing The transfer of research are focus on the way of land transfer and land transfer system, study on land expropriation mainly focus on the compensation standard of land expropriation and land disputes, and will transfer combined with the collection, transfer and collection of effect and the resettlement of landless peasants involved less, the paper as a starting point, in-depth study and Research on the resettlement landless peasants, land circulation is the embodiment of the final results, is the land of guarantee. The research for the land circulation and land expropriation work in policy formulation and provide references.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F321.1;F323.8

【参考文献】