失地农民社会保障的地方政府职能研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 18:19

本文选题：失地农民 + 社会保障　；参考：《华中科技大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：伴随着工业化和城市化的进程,必然会出现大量的失地农民,失地农民法定社会保障标准低,与其发展需求不相适应,尤其是失地农民作为一个特殊的弱势群体,需要政府优先关注和保障。地方政府有责任深入研究和探索当地失地农民所面临的生计、就业、发展等保障问题,充分发挥政府的能动作用,提高行政效率,以责任政府的高度处理好地区经济发展、征地补偿与失地农民社保的关系,利用经济和市场的手段为失地农民提供更好服务和较高社会保障。本文将广州开发区作为研究对象,分析了其在社会保障方面走过的历程、具体做法,总结了其在解决失地农民社会保障方面有独特的经验,阐述了其作为责任主体在失地农民社会保障方面发挥的积极作用。本文研究了土地征收与地方政府职能的关系,明析了地方政府无论从经济职能还是从社会职能的角度都有能力、义务和职责通过构建社会保障制度,为失地农民融入城市提供各种服务和社会保障。通过对失地农民社会保障制度的供需均衡分析,得出由于失地农民社会保障的需求与供给不均衡,需要通过改变失地农民社会保障的需求与供给。为此,地方政府可以促进保障制度的调整与创新,通过系列的诱致性变迁措施,将变迁的阻滞成本降低。政府要着力改善关系失地农民社会保障制度的变迁环境,促进变迁的发生。在市场经济环境下,市场化程度不断提高,将有利于借助市场的力量增强诱致性变迁的潜在利益效益,达到积极能动地创造条件诱导资源的有机结合,通过市场经济的运行实现一系列诱致性制度变迁,为失地农民提供有效的社会保障制度供给。土地的发展权承载着土地未来的最大收益潜力,在现行的征地制度下,非公共利益性质的征地行为侵害了失地农民的土地发展权,征地对于失地农民更多的是利益损失,用地单位和政府则享受了土地增值收益的大头。土地征收后如何保证失地农民生存权的实现是首要解决的问题,如果不能够解决和落实失地农民的生存权,则征地的正当性与合理性就会遭到质疑。从社会公平与正义的角度来看,失地农民为城市化做出了贡献,理应享受城市化发展的成果,即应该享有土地发展权。现实中,农民常常被排除在土地发展权之外,具有非正当性。征地补偿标准定得过低,土地增值收益主要集中在地方政府,地方政府通常将土地财政大部分用于城市建设开发,投在农民社会保障和农村公共设施方面的少,失地农民的利益和保障得不到充分体现。从而导致城乡发展水平不平衡差距拉大,因此,地方政府公共投资政策要进行调整。让失地农民分享土地发展权,要同时强调保持区域经济发展的活力,使地方政府更有能力扶持和带动失地农民共同发展,解决好农民的社会保障、生活保障和农民市民化等系列问题,让利益贡献主体获得社会发展成果的回报。因此,地方政府要更加积极地帮助农民享受土地发展权,通过区域经济发展让成果的受益者更具普遍性,唯此才能从根本上解决失地农民的社会保障和长远生活保障。
[Abstract]:With the process of industrialization and urbanization, there will inevitably be a large number of landless peasants. The legal social security standards of the landless peasants are low and they are not compatible with their development needs. Especially, the landless peasants, as a special vulnerable group, need the government's priority attention and guarantee. The local government has the responsibility to study and explore the local landless peasants. We face the problems of livelihood, employment and development, give full play to the dynamic role of the government, improve the administrative efficiency, deal with the economic development of the region, the relationship between the compensation for land expropriation and the social security of the landless farmers by the responsibility of the government, and provide better services and higher social security for the landless farmers by means of economic and market means. This article will open Guangzhou. As the research object, the development area has analyzed the history of its social security and the specific experience in solving the social security of the landless peasants, and expounds the positive role it plays as the main body of responsibility in the social security of the landless peasants.
This paper studies the relationship between land expropriation and the function of local government. It is clear that the local government has the ability to provide all kinds of services and social security for the landless peasants to integrate into the city by building social security system in terms of economic and social functions, and through the supply and demand of the social security system for the landless peasants. The equilibrium analysis shows that the demand and supply of the social security of the landless peasants are not balanced, and the demand and supply of the social security of the landless peasants should be changed. Therefore, the local government can promote the adjustment and innovation of the guarantee system, and reduce the cost of the change by a series of induced change measures. The changing environment of the social security system of the peasants has promoted the change. In the environment of the market economy, the increasing degree of marketization will help to enhance the potential benefit and benefit of the induced changes by the power of the market, and achieve a positive and dynamic combination of the conditions of creating the conditions to induce the resources, and realize a series of market economy. Induced institutional changes provide an effective supply of social security system for landless peasants.
The right to development of land carries the greatest potential for the future of land. Under the current land expropriation system, the land expropriation behavior of non public interest has infringed the land development rights of the landless peasants. The land expropriation for the landless peasants is more of the benefit loss, the land units and the government enjoy the big head of the land value added income. How to protect the land after the land expropriation The realization of the peasants' right to survive is the first problem to be solved. If it is not able to solve and implement the right to survive the landless peasants, the legitimacy and rationality of the land expropriation will be questioned. From the perspective of social fairness and justice, the landless peasants have made contributions to the Urbanization, and should enjoy the achievements of the urbanization development, that is, it should be enjoyed. Land development right. In reality, farmers are often excluded from the right to land development, which is unjustifiable. The compensation standard for land expropriation is too low and the land value-added income is mainly concentrated in the local government. The local government usually applies most of the land finance to the urban construction and development, and the land is low in the social security of farmers and the rural public facilities. The interests and security of farmers are not fully reflected. Thus, the uneven gap between urban and rural development is widening. Therefore, the public investment policy of local governments should be adjusted.
Let the landless farmers share the right to land development, at the same time emphasize the vitality of regional economic development, make local governments more able to support and drive the common development of land lost farmers, solve the social security of farmers, life guarantee and the citizenization of the farmers and other problems, so that the interests of the main body of social development results will be rewarded. Therefore, the local government will be rewarded with the results of social development. The government should more actively help farmers to enjoy the right to land development. Through regional economic development, the beneficiaries of the results are more universal. Only in this way can we fundamentally solve the social security and long-term guarantee of land lost farmers.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D630;F323.89

【参考文献】