泛福利化:农村低保制度的政策目标偏移及其解释

发布时间：2018-05-06 19:55

本文选题：农村低保 + 底线救助　；参考：《政治学研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：社会保障资源的合理配置是国家再分配能力的重要体现。当前,农村低保制度的实践,出现国家不断增加公共资源投入而农民的福利状态、基层的社会秩序并未同步改善的悖论。低保制度的泛福利化是理解这一制度悖论的关键。以福利扩散和福利捆绑为特征的泛福利化,使低保制度背离底线救助的制度定位,造成低保指标在基层分配的困境,影响社会保障体系的良性运转,更使社会公平的价值目标遭受巨大冲击。国家再分配能力的增强,有赖于社会保障资源的持续增加,但更需要进行制度建设以合理配置资源。具体而言,农村的社会保障体系要逐渐从过分倚重低保制度的单轨道运行,走向分工明确、多轨道运行的综合性保障制度,即一方面恢复低保的底线救助属性,另一方面完善专项救助制度,促成社会保障体系的均衡发展。
[Abstract]:The rational allocation of social security resources is an important embodiment of national redistribution ability. At present, in the practice of the rural minimum security system, there is a paradox that the state of the country is increasing the public resource input and the farmers' welfare state, and the social order at the grass-roots level has not been improved synchronously. The pan-welfare of the minimum security system is the key to understand the paradox of the system. The pan-welfare, which is characterized by welfare diffusion and welfare bundling, makes the minimum guarantee system deviate from the system orientation of the bottom line, and causes the plight of the distribution of the minimum guarantee index at the grass-roots level, which affects the benign operation of the social security system. Moreover, the value goal of social equity has suffered a great impact. The strengthening of national redistribution ability depends on the continuous increase of social security resources, but it is more necessary to carry on the system construction in order to allocate the resources reasonably. In particular, the social security system in rural areas should gradually move from relying too heavily on the single-track operation of the minimum security system to a comprehensive security system with a clear division of labor and multi-track operation, that is, on the one hand, to restore the bottom line relief attribute of the minimum living standard. On the other hand, perfect special aid system, promote the balanced development of social security system.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学中国乡村治理研究中心;
【基金】：民政部社会救助司委托课题“农村低收入家庭、支出性贫困家庭认定策略和支持政策研究”的研究成果
【分类号】：F323.89

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