新老农民工城市融入差异性研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 04:00

本文选题：农民工 + 差异性　；参考：《华东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化和工业化的不断推进,城市流动人口大量增长,农民工群体的身份转变与融入问题很大程度上影响着我国的社会转型和人口结构变化。但农民工并非一个均质的群体,其内部代际分化严重,本文把农民工分成老一代农民工与新生代农民工进行对比分析,国内现有研究并不多见。新老农民工在文化、观念与行为上均有差异,因此他们对社会的认同与对未来的期望也不尽相同,进而导致他们在行为决策上也各有不同,因此研究新老农民工城市融入差异问题具有重要的现实意义。本文从代际分化角度出发,以农民工城市融入为切入点,结合已有城市融入的相关理论和研究成果,科学的定义新老两代农民工,利用2012年国家卫生计生委流动人口司实施的全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,以上海市为例,对新老农民工城市融入的现状、特点进行比较,从经济融入、社会融入、心理融入三个维度入手,分析影响新老农民工城市融入的主要因素,运用因子分析方法科学测度新老农民工的城市融入度及结构维度,同时建立回归模型,纳入人口变量(如性别、年龄、教育程度),利用多元线性回归分析研究各维度内部影响关系强度的变化及对城市融入状况的影响,从而为促进不同人口特征的新老农民工城市融入提出更有针对性的建议措施。研究发现新生代农民工城市融入度略高于老一代农民工,新生代农民工的经济融入度与社会融入度高于老一代农民工,但心理融入度低于老一代农民工。对于新老两代农民工而言,经济因素并不是影响其城市融入的主要因素,而流动人口的个体因素以及制度因素对他们融入当地社会起着重要作用。鉴于以上结论,政府应逐步放开户籍制度,使户籍制度与相关的社会福利制度逐渐脱钩,建立一套适合农民工社会保障体系；政府及相关部门应完善劳动力市场的监管并将外来农民工群体制度化地纳入到城市劳动力市场体系；同时从社区的角度出发,针对新老两代农民工的不同特质,加强公共服务、合理引导农民工同城市居民的社区融合；最后政府应加强农村基础教育建设与提升农民工专业技能培养,提高农民工整体素质,更好的满足用工单位需求,进一步提高新老农民工城市融入程度。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and industrialization in our country, the floating population in cities is increasing greatly, and the problem of identity transformation and integration of migrant workers greatly influences the social transformation and population structure change in our country. However, migrant workers are not a homogeneous group, their internal intergenerational differentiation is serious, this paper divided migrant workers into the old generation migrant workers and the new generation of migrant workers for comparative analysis, domestic existing research is rare. New and old migrant workers are different in culture, concept and behavior, so their social identity and expectations for the future are different, which leads to their different behavior decisions. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the difference between old and new migrant workers. From the perspective of intergenerational differentiation, this paper takes the urban integration of migrant workers as the starting point, combining with the relevant theories and research results of the existing urban integration, scientifically defines the new and old generations of migrant workers. Based on the survey data of the floating population dynamic monitoring carried out by the floating population Department of the State Health and Family Planning Commission in 2012, taking Shanghai as an example, this paper compares the current situation and characteristics of the integration of the new and old migrant workers in the cities, from the economic integration to the social integration. Starting with three dimensions of psychological integration, this paper analyzes the main factors that affect the urban integration of new and old migrant workers, and scientifically measures the degree of urban integration and structural dimensions of new and old migrant workers by using the method of factor analysis, and establishes a regression model at the same time. Taking into account population variables (such as sex, age, educational attainment, multiple linear regression analysis was used to study the changes in the intensity of internal influence relationships and the impact on urban inclusion. Thus, more targeted suggestions are put forward for promoting the integration of new and old migrant workers with different demographic characteristics. The study found that the urban integration degree of the new generation migrant workers is slightly higher than that of the old generation migrant workers, the economic and social integration degree of the new generation migrant workers is higher than that of the old generation migrant workers, but the psychological integration degree is lower than that of the old generation migrant workers. For the new and old generations of migrant workers, economic factors are not the main factors affecting their urban integration, while the individual factors and institutional factors of floating population play an important role in their integration into the local society. In view of the above conclusions, the government should gradually liberalize the household registration system, gradually decouple the household registration system from the related social welfare system, and establish a set of suitable social security system for migrant workers; The government and relevant departments should perfect the supervision of the labor market and institutionalize the migrant workers into the urban labor market system, at the same time, from the community point of view, according to the different characteristics of the new and old generations of migrant workers, strengthen public services. Finally, the government should strengthen the construction of rural basic education and raise the professional skills of migrant workers, improve the overall quality of migrant workers, and better meet the needs of employment units. Further improve the degree of integration of new and old migrant workers into the city.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D412.6

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