重庆市失地农民社会保障问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 14:00

本文选题：土地征用 + 失地农民　；参考：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业化和城市化的快速发展,重庆市作为直辖市,西部开发的龙头城市,用地需求越来越大,土地征用日益频繁、征用总量不断增加,由此产生大量失地农民,且其数量逐年加大,并由征地引发非常突出的社会矛盾,成为社会关注的热点、焦点。由于失地农民赔偿费偏低、安置路径不宽、再就业能力差,缺乏基本的社会保障等等问题得不到有效解决,失地农民集体上访,聚众闹事,打死打伤拆迁干部时有发生,极大地影响了干群关系、损害了政府形象和破坏了社会稳定。因此,解决重庆失地农民的社会保障已成为重庆市政府亟待解决的突出问题。本文围绕一系列重庆失地农民社会保障的问题展开研究,描述了重庆当前失地农民的现状,阐释了失地农民产生的原因,论述了建立失地农民社会保障的必要性以及如何更好地保障重庆失地农民的生存权和发展权,从健全土地市场制度、征地制度到完善失地农民社会保障制度等方面提出了相关政策建议和具体措施,为解决失地农民社会保障问题、构建完善的重庆失地农民社会保障体系提供了一些思路和参考。全文共分七章：首先,界定了失地农民和社会保障的概念。从研究失地农民的特点入手,认识到在重庆现阶段,征用农民土地,产生失地农民是消除二元经济结构,推动现代化发展的必然现象。但是由于土地对农民的重要性,土地是农民最基本的生产资料和生活资料,是农民的安生立命之本,只有认真做好土地的征用补偿工作,落实失地农民的社会保障,才能使重庆在维持稳定的前提下顺利推进整个城市的现代化。其次,对城市化进程中失地农民的现状、社会保障存在的问题及其原因进行分析,指出要让失地农民顺利融入城市,成为真正的市民,必须要解决好农民的社会保障问题,才能让失地农民没有后顾之忧。要切实解决好重庆失地农民的社会保障问题,必须就该问题的原因进行分析,找出症结所在。笔者的观点是：二元经济结构障碍和我国土地政策的缺陷是失地农民权益受损的主要因素。在理论和实践层面上提出解决的具体措施是：改革农村土地制度；明晰产权;界定公共利益；完善上地征用补偿机制。最后,本文做出结论：大力发展经济,提高社会生产力水平,改革农村的土地产权制度,赋予集体土地产权应有的法律地位,以法律形式明确农民对土地的权利,逐步做到有法可依,有章可循,减少土地征用的不确定性和随意性,健全重庆失地农民的社会保障体系,逐步达到城乡社会保障制度一体化,完善多元化筹资方式,满足不同层次失地农民的保障需求,增强失地农民再就业和创业能力,才能顺利解决重庆失地农民的问题。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, Chongqing as a municipality directly under the central government and the leading city developed in the west, the demand for land use is increasing, the land expropriation is increasingly frequent and the total amount of land expropriation is increasing, resulting in a large number of land lost farmers, and their number is increasing year by year, and the land expropriation causes very prominent social contradictions and becomes the heat of social concern. Because of the low compensation fee of the landless peasants, the poor resettlement path, the poor reemployment ability, the lack of basic social security, and so on, the farmers' collective visits to the landless farmers, the crowd and the death and injury of the demolition cadres have greatly affected the relationship between the cadres and the masses, damaged the image of the government and undermined social stability. Therefore, solving the social security of landless peasants in Chongqing has become a prominent problem urgently needed to be solved by the Chongqing municipal government.
This paper studies the social security of a series of land lost farmers in Chongqing, describes the current situation of the landless peasants in Chongqing, explains the causes of the land lost farmers, expounds the necessity of establishing the social security of the landless peasants, and how to better protect the right to survive and develop the landless peasants in Chongqing and improve the system of land market. Degree, land expropriation system to improve the social security system for landless farmers and other aspects of relevant policy proposals and specific measures, to solve the social security problems of landless farmers, to build a perfect social security system for Chongqing landless farmers and some ideas and references.
The full text is divided into seven chapters: first, the concept of land lost farmers and social security is defined. Starting with the study of the characteristics of the landless peasants, it is realized that in the present stage of Chongqing, the requisition of farmers' land and the production of land lost farmers are the inevitable phenomenon of eliminating two yuan economic structure and promoting the modernization development. The basic production and living materials are the foundation of the peasants' life. Only the compensation work of land expropriation and the social security of the landless peasants can be carried out, and the modernization of the whole city will be promoted smoothly under the premise of maintaining the stability of Chongqing. Secondly, the present situation of the landless peasants in the process of urbanization and the existence of social security exist. The problem and its reasons are analyzed. It is pointed out that the peasants who lose the land should be successfully integrated into the city and become a real citizen. It is necessary to solve the social security problems of the peasants so that the peasants who lost the land will have no worries behind them. To solve the problem of social security of the landless peasants in Chongqing, the reasons for the problem must be analyzed and the crux of the problem is found. The author's point of view is: the two yuan economic structure obstacle and the defect of China's land policy are the main factors of the loss of the rights and interests of the landless peasants. The concrete measures to solve in theory and practice are to reform the rural land system, clarify the property rights, define the public interest and improve the compensation mechanism for the land expropriation. Finally, the conclusion is made. We should vigorously develop the economy, improve the level of the social productivity, reform the land property right system in the rural areas, give the legal status of the collective land property right, clear the rights of the peasants to the land in the form of law, and step by step, reduce the uncertainty and randomness of the land expropriation, and improve the social security body of the land lost farmers in Chongqing. In order to solve the problem of land lost farmers in Chongqing, we can gradually achieve the integration of urban and rural social security system, perfect the diversified financing methods, meet the security needs of different landless farmers at different levels, and enhance the re employment and entrepreneurial ability of the landless peasants.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323.89

【参考文献】