呼和浩特市医疗卫生设施空间与需求空间分异及优化研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 00:39

  本文选题：医疗卫生设施 + 设施区位　； 参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：医疗卫生事业一直是关乎国计民生的基础社会保障事业之一,是关系到公民生活与生存的大事。现阶段城市扩张加剧,人口向城市迁移,城市医疗卫生服务成为基础设施空间布局的重中之重。城市内部人口分布不均衡、道路分布不均衡,使得医疗卫生设施空间布局与居民需求产生分异,鉴别资源薄弱的区位进行优化研究是本文的研究重点。本文以呼和浩特市二环以内的区域作为研究区域,利用呼和浩特市人口统计数据、医疗卫生设施数据和实地调研数据,以空间相互作用理论为基础,对区域内164个社区内的113万社区居民的就医空间可达性进行评价。首先,基于GIS对最近就医模型、潜能模型和改进的潜能模型的实现,获得抵达三级综合医院和社区卫生服务中心的空间可达性指标以及空间分布情况。然后,在此基础上结合两类等级医疗卫生设施的空间布局分析居民就医可达性在空间分布上的特点,设施空间于居民需求空间上产生的分异。最后基于公共设施布局规划原则、设施现有水平和改进的潜能模型三个方面进行优化并提出相对措施,为医疗卫生服务设施的规划提供辅助支持。经过研究分析,本文得到以下结论：(1)研究区内三级综合医院空间分布集中,覆盖度不高,居民就医空间可达性差异大,城市中心极化严重,呈现从中心城区向外围递减的趋势,分异现象明显；(2)社区卫生服务中心分布松散,覆盖度较高,居民就医空间可达性较为均等,呈现东西分异,西部成为资源缺失区；(3)总体上医疗资源分布不均衡,存在整体空间差异明显、局部设施缺失和重复建设的问题；(4)以局部调整的方法对医疗卫生服务设施空间布局的进行优化,资源过剩区,适量减少公共卫生服务设施；资源缺失区,应在增加设施,同时提高设施水平和优化道路网。
[Abstract]:Medical and health care is one of the basic social security undertakings related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and a major event related to the life and survival of citizens. At present, urban expansion intensifies, population migrates to city, urban medical and health services become the most important of the spatial layout of infrastructure. The urban population distribution and road distribution are uneven, which makes the spatial distribution of medical and health facilities different from the needs of residents. The research focus of this paper is to identify the location with weak resources. This paper takes the region within the second Ring Road of Hohhot as the research area, using the population statistics, medical and health facilities data and field investigation data of Hohhot City, and based on the theory of spatial interaction. The accessibility of 1.13 million community residents in 164 communities was evaluated. Firstly, based on the realization of recent medical model, potential model and improved potential model by GIS, the spatial reachability index and spatial distribution of reaching tertiary general hospitals and community health service centers are obtained. Then, combining the spatial layout of the two kinds of medical and health facilities, the characteristics of the spatial distribution of the residents' accessibility to medical treatment are analyzed, and the difference of the facility space in the residents' demand space is analyzed. Finally, based on the layout planning principle of public facilities, the existing level of facilities and the improved potential model are optimized and the relative measures are put forward to provide auxiliary support for the planning of medical and health service facilities. Through research and analysis, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the spatial distribution of the tertiary general hospitals in the study area is concentrated, the coverage is not high, the difference in the accessibility of the residents' medical space is great, and the urban center is polarized seriously. The distribution of community health service center is loose, the coverage is high, the access of residents to medical space is equal, and the western region becomes the lack of resources. (3) on the whole, the distribution of medical resources is not balanced, there are obvious differences in the whole space, the problems of local facilities are missing and repeated construction, (4) the spatial layout of medical and health service facilities is optimized by the method of local adjustment, and the areas with excess resources are optimized. Reduce public health service facilities in moderation, increase facilities, improve facility level and optimize road network at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R197.1
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本文编号：2111342