中外优秀运动员职业生涯规划教育的异同与启示

发布时间：2018-07-17 02:55

【摘要】：由于我国优秀运动员文化教育水平整体不高,职业生涯规划不力,就业能力不强,保障政策不全,形成"退役运动员堰塞湖",入口大量涌入,出口严重堵塞,过程把控不严,可能已危及体育事业的发展。通过研究国外优秀运动员职业生涯规划教育中体育保险制度、职业培训、继续教育、职业生涯规划和文化教育制度等,以寻求宝贵经验。研究表明:我国运动员存在运动训练早期化,初始目标专业化,重训练轻教育,文化教育源头被截留,教育质量管控不严,职业教育普及范围有限等弊端;"教育目标偏移,管理体制不畅,社会化程度低"是我国现阶段优秀运动员职业教育弊端的主因。针对国外14个国家优秀运动员职业教育的成功经验总结5点启示和3项对策,切实提高优秀运动员文化教育质量和职业生涯规划能力。
[Abstract]:Because of the low level of culture and education of Chinese elite athletes, poor career planning, poor employment ability and inadequate security policy, the "retired athletes' barrier lake" has been formed, the entrance is flooded, the export is seriously blocked and the process is not strictly controlled, which may have endangered the development of sports industry. Through the study of the professional career planning of foreign outstanding athletes In education, the sports insurance system, vocational training, continuing education, career planning and cultural education system are used to seek valuable experience. The research shows that Chinese athletes have early sports training, specialized initial goals, heavy training and light education, the source of culture and education are intercepted, the quality control of education is not strict, and the scope of vocational education is limited. It is the main cause of the malpractice of the outstanding athletes' vocational education at the present stage in China. The main reasons are "the shift of educational goals, the poor management system and the low degree of socialization". In view of the successful experience of the professional education in 14 foreign countries, 5 points of Enlightenment and 3 countermeasures are summed up to improve the quality of elite athletes' cultural education and the ability of career planning.
【作者单位】：湖南体育职业学院社会体育系;长江大学;湖南师范大学;湖南商学院体育教学部;
【基金】：国家体育总局体育社会科学研究项目(项目编号:2011B067)
【分类号】：C913.2;G808.18

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