农民工市民化进程中社会公正实现研究
发布时间：2018-07-22 14:11
【摘要】：农民工是伴随着我国现代化进程以及市场经济进程而不断发展壮大的特殊社会群体。在全面建成小康社会成为重大的时代议题,社会公正问题成为我国社会各阶层广泛关注的重大问题的时代背景下,妥善解决农民工市民化进程中出现的不公正社会问题显得尤为迫切和重要。本文在梳理以人为本理论、社会公平理论、和谐社会理论以及城镇化理论等理论的基础上,系统分析农民工市民化进程中社会公正实现方面所取得的成就、存在的问题以及问题出现的原因,进而提出农民工市民化进程中社会公正的实现策略,其目的是给农民工实现向产业工人和城市市民的职业和身份上的双重转变提供强大的理论指导。当越来越多的农村剩余劳动力涌入城市寻找生机,农民工市民化提上日程。当前农民工市民化进程中社会公正实现方面所取得的成就主要包括以下三点：就业培训及创业培训政策扶持和优惠力度不断加强；有限度地允许农民工在城镇落户；允许农民工随迁子女异地参加中考和高考等。但是农民工市民化过程中仍然存在一些不公正社会现象和问题,突出表现为“敞开城门、分设门槛”的市民化歧视政策依然存在；农民工政治权利诉求难以得到重视；农民工文化生活匮乏；农民工难以享受到城市基本公共服务；农民工居住环境不宜居等。阻碍我国农民工市民化进程中社会公正实现的原因主要来自以下四个方面：城乡二元经济体制下我国城乡间经济发展水平不均衡；我国长期实行城乡二元户籍管理制度对农民工落户城镇造成了桎梏；农民工普遍职业技能水平不高,缺乏市场竞争力；来自社会的歧视导致农民工无法实现市民融入。农民工市民化进程中社会公正实现的目标,是在实现农民工及整个家庭的学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居基础上保障农民工平等享有经济、政治、文化、社会以及生态权利。在农民工市民化进程中社会公正实现过程中必须坚持四个基本原则,即必须始终坚持以循序渐进推动农民工市民化进程,实现全社会安定有序为准则；以保障农民工各项基本权益为主；以各机关、组织相互配合,整体联动为辅；以政策体制体系支持为配合。农民工市民化进程中社会公正实现的路径选择主要包括放宽城镇落户条件,深化户籍制度改革；完善社会管理制度、方式和手段,提升政府公共服务能力；深化我国劳动用工体制,鼓励农民工就近就业创业；加强农民工教育和培训,提高农民工核心竞争力；树立和增强农民工市民化的社会认同和心理认同。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are a special social group with the process of modernization and market economy. Building a well-off society in an all-round way has become a major topic of the times, and social justice has become a major issue of concern to all sectors of our society. It is urgent and important to properly solve the unjust social problems in the process of peasant workers'citizenship. Based on the theories of people-oriented theory, social equity theory, harmonious society theory and urbanization theory, this paper systematically analyzes the achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of peasant workers' urbanization. The existing problems and the causes of the problems, and then put forward the realization strategy of social justice in the process of migrant workers' citizenship. The purpose is to provide strong theoretical guidance for migrant workers to realize the dual transformation to the occupation and identity of industrial workers and urban citizens. As more and more rural surplus labor force flocked to the city in search of life, the urbanization of migrant workers was put on the agenda. The achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers mainly include the following three points: employment training and entrepreneurial training policy support and preferential strength is constantly strengthened, limited migrant workers are allowed to settle in cities and towns; Migrant workers are allowed to move their children to participate in the entrance examination and college entrance examination and so on. However, there are still some unfair social phenomena and problems in the process of peasant workers' citizenship, which is characterized by the discrimination policy of "opening the city door and setting up the threshold", and the difficulty of paying attention to the political rights of migrant workers. Migrant workers lack of cultural life; migrant workers can not enjoy the basic urban public services; migrant workers living environment is not suitable to live in, and so on. The main reasons for hindering the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers in our country come from the following four aspects: the level of economic development between urban and rural areas is not balanced under the dual economic system of urban and rural areas; The long-term implementation of urban and rural dual household registration management system has created shackles for migrant workers to settle in towns; the general level of vocational skills of migrant workers is not high, lack of market competitiveness; discrimination from the society leads to migrant workers unable to realize the integration of citizens. The goal of social justice realization in the process of peasant workers' citizenship is to ensure that migrant workers have equal access to economy, politics and culture on the basis of education, income, sickness, security and living. Social and ecological rights In the process of realizing the social justice of migrant workers, we must adhere to four basic principles, that is, we must always adhere to the principle of gradually promoting the process of peasant workers' citizenship and realizing the stability and order of the whole society. In order to protect the basic rights and interests of migrant workers, organizations and organizations cooperate with each other, the overall linkage is complementary, and the support of the policy system is the cooperation. The path choice to realize the social justice in the process of peasant workers' citizenship mainly includes relaxing the conditions of settling down in cities and towns, deepening the reform of the household registration system, perfecting the social management system, ways and means, and improving the government's public service ability. We should deepen the labor and employment system of our country, encourage migrant workers to take up employment and start businesses nearby; strengthen the education and training of migrant workers, improve the core competitiveness of migrant workers; and establish and strengthen the social and psychological identity of migrant workers.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D412.6;D631.42
本文编号：2137719
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are a special social group with the process of modernization and market economy. Building a well-off society in an all-round way has become a major topic of the times, and social justice has become a major issue of concern to all sectors of our society. It is urgent and important to properly solve the unjust social problems in the process of peasant workers'citizenship. Based on the theories of people-oriented theory, social equity theory, harmonious society theory and urbanization theory, this paper systematically analyzes the achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of peasant workers' urbanization. The existing problems and the causes of the problems, and then put forward the realization strategy of social justice in the process of migrant workers' citizenship. The purpose is to provide strong theoretical guidance for migrant workers to realize the dual transformation to the occupation and identity of industrial workers and urban citizens. As more and more rural surplus labor force flocked to the city in search of life, the urbanization of migrant workers was put on the agenda. The achievements in the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers mainly include the following three points: employment training and entrepreneurial training policy support and preferential strength is constantly strengthened, limited migrant workers are allowed to settle in cities and towns; Migrant workers are allowed to move their children to participate in the entrance examination and college entrance examination and so on. However, there are still some unfair social phenomena and problems in the process of peasant workers' citizenship, which is characterized by the discrimination policy of "opening the city door and setting up the threshold", and the difficulty of paying attention to the political rights of migrant workers. Migrant workers lack of cultural life; migrant workers can not enjoy the basic urban public services; migrant workers living environment is not suitable to live in, and so on. The main reasons for hindering the realization of social justice in the process of urbanization of migrant workers in our country come from the following four aspects: the level of economic development between urban and rural areas is not balanced under the dual economic system of urban and rural areas; The long-term implementation of urban and rural dual household registration management system has created shackles for migrant workers to settle in towns; the general level of vocational skills of migrant workers is not high, lack of market competitiveness; discrimination from the society leads to migrant workers unable to realize the integration of citizens. The goal of social justice realization in the process of peasant workers' citizenship is to ensure that migrant workers have equal access to economy, politics and culture on the basis of education, income, sickness, security and living. Social and ecological rights In the process of realizing the social justice of migrant workers, we must adhere to four basic principles, that is, we must always adhere to the principle of gradually promoting the process of peasant workers' citizenship and realizing the stability and order of the whole society. In order to protect the basic rights and interests of migrant workers, organizations and organizations cooperate with each other, the overall linkage is complementary, and the support of the policy system is the cooperation. The path choice to realize the social justice in the process of peasant workers' citizenship mainly includes relaxing the conditions of settling down in cities and towns, deepening the reform of the household registration system, perfecting the social management system, ways and means, and improving the government's public service ability. We should deepen the labor and employment system of our country, encourage migrant workers to take up employment and start businesses nearby; strengthen the education and training of migrant workers, improve the core competitiveness of migrant workers; and establish and strengthen the social and psychological identity of migrant workers.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D412.6;D631.42
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