基于双重保障型农地流转制度设想下的农民工市民化意愿影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-07-30 08:08

【摘要】：随着大规模的农村剩余劳动力向城市的转移,农民工问题已经成为我国经济和社会发展面临的重要课题,农民工进入城市打工对城乡经济发展既是机遇又带来挑战。一方面,农民工进城务工增加了家庭的总体收入水平,带动了农村经济的发展,进而缩小农村与城市之间经济发展差距。而且随着农民工收入水平的提高,农民工越来越多的搬迁至城市生活,返乡务农的意愿逐渐降低;另一方面,由于我国长期实行城乡二元经济制度,农民工市民化的过程面临户籍制度、社会保障制度、就业制度等城乡二元制度的阻碍,导致农民工进城后不能享受到同市民一样的待遇和保障,这样的市民化过程是不能够稳定和长久的。特别是充当农民“最后保障”的土地制度,在现行农村土地流转制度下,农民工进城后的现状是“进入城市无保障,退出城市无田种”,这种局面不仅不利于农民工市民化的推进过程,而且不利于我国经济社会发展的稳定。本文在双重保障型农地流转制度的理论设想下,首先从理论上分析该制度对农民工市民化的作用过程,其次基于对4个省15个县的问卷调查数据,采用分层二元Logistics模型对双重保障型农地流转制度设想下农民工市民化意愿的影响因素进行实证分析。主要结论如下:第一,双重保障型农地流转制度的理论设想符合农民工退出农村进城定居和留在农村经营农地的利益需求;第二,农民工年龄在20-39岁之间、与亲戚朋友间往来关系越密切、家庭总收入和外出务工收入所占比例越高、所在村镇社会保障越高、农民工承包耕地面积在5亩以下、有过农地转出的行为,在双重保障型农地流转制度的理论设想下的市民化可能性越大;第三,需要保证双重保障型农地流转制度的长期实施,同时加强对户籍制度等相关配套制度的改革,才能保证该制度对农民工市民化的长期效应,促进农民工完全脱离农地实现真正的市民化。
[Abstract]:With the large-scale transfer of rural surplus labor to the city, the issue of migrant workers has become an important issue facing the economic and social development of our country. Migrant workers entering the city to work in the city is not only an opportunity but also a challenge to the economic development of urban and rural areas. On the one hand, migrant workers working in cities increase the overall income level of families, promote the development of rural economy, and then narrow the gap between rural and urban economic development. Moreover, with the improvement of the income level of migrant workers, more and more migrant workers have moved to urban life, and their willingness to return to the countryside to work in agriculture has gradually decreased. On the other hand, due to the long-term implementation of the urban-rural dual economic system in China, The urban-rural dual system of household registration system, social security system, employment system and so on are hindering the process of the urbanization of migrant workers. As a result, migrant workers cannot enjoy the same treatment and protection as the citizens after they enter the city. Such a process of citizenship can not be stable and lasting. In particular, the land system, which acts as the "last guarantee" for farmers, under the current rural land circulation system, the present situation of migrant workers after entering the city is "entering the city without security and withdrawing from the city without land species". This situation is not conducive to the advancement of peasant workers' citizenship, but also to the stability of our country's economic and social development. In this paper, under the theoretical assumption of dual security farmland transfer system, firstly, the paper theoretically analyzes the effect of this system on the urbanization of migrant workers, and secondly, based on the questionnaire survey data of 15 counties in 4 provinces. In this paper, the stratified dual Logistics model is used to analyze the influencing factors of peasant workers' willingness to become citizens under the assumption of double security farmland transfer system. The main conclusions are as follows: first, the theoretical assumption of dual-security farmland transfer system meets the interests of migrant workers to withdraw from rural areas to settle in cities and stay in rural areas to manage agricultural land; second, migrant workers are between 20-39 years old. The closer the relationship is with relatives and friends, the higher the proportion of total family income and migrant workers' income is, the higher the social security in their villages and towns, the lower the contracted cultivated land area of migrant workers is less than 5 mu, and the more they have had the behavior of transferring farmland out. Under the assumption of dual security farmland transfer system, the possibility of citizen is greater. Third, it is necessary to ensure the long-term implementation of dual security farmland transfer system, and to strengthen the reform of relevant supporting systems, such as household registration system, etc. In order to ensure the long-term effect of the system on the urbanization of migrant workers, it can promote the peasant workers to completely leave the farmland to realize the real urbanization.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F321.1

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