黑龙江省人力资源和社会保障部门工伤认定中存在的问题及对策

发布时间：2018-12-11 03:55

【摘要】：社会保障,对于全国亿万公众切身利益的意义十分重大,关系到一个国家是否可以保持长久的和谐平等。在社会保险体系中,工伤保险的分支地位十分重要。即使工伤保险的适用范围广度并不及医疗保险和养老保险,在工业化日益完善的今天,工伤保险的重要性也在日益凸显,工伤保险有利于维护因工受伤职工的合法权益,是他们维权的最有利的保障。工伤认定是工伤保险过程的第一步,是否能及时进行工伤认定对保障工伤职工获得应有的补偿有一定的意义。黑龙江省目前工伤人数增长率与工伤事故发生率不成比例匹配,这恰好说明在所发生的工伤事故中,有相当一部分受伤者在工伤认定中存在争议。黑龙江省的工伤认定程序、工伤认定的相关法律并不完善,还有很多漏洞需要弥补,比如其适用的列举法本身就存在数量缺陷,对于各种工伤的情形并不能一一详尽的列举包含,在执行过程中也没有统一的标准,本身不完善的程序是加剧争议发生的根源。受伤职工进行工伤认定持续认定时间之久、耗费之大都不容忽视;再加上有关工伤认定的机构数量有限,而且这些机构在设置方面也过于垄断,因而受伤职工要想及时获得认定是一件难事。综合各种原因主要有以下几种问题:政府监管不力、认定机构不完善、用人单位为自身利益拒绝提供工伤职工证明资料、劳动者自身缺乏法律保护意识。为了解决上述提到的种种问题,本文提出以下对策:一方面,要不断完善和补充相关的法律法规,并增添相应的司法解释;另一方面,要不断扩大工伤认定的领域,并精简工伤认定程序中的冗余环节;再次,赋予人民法院最终裁定权,只有这样才能有效的减少重复诉讼的近况;最后,要加大相关单位的监督力度,杜绝滥用职权情况的发生。只有各方不断努力,积极配合,工伤认定才能更好地发挥作用,更好地保障受伤职工的合法权益。
[Abstract]:Social security is of great significance to the vital interests of hundreds of millions of public throughout the country, and it concerns whether a country can maintain long-term harmony and equality. In social insurance system, the branch position of inductrial injury insurance is very important. Even though the scope of application of industrial injury insurance is not as wide as that of medical insurance and old-age insurance, the importance of industrial injury insurance is becoming increasingly prominent today when industrialization is increasingly perfect. Industrial injury insurance is conducive to safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers injured by work. It is the most favorable safeguard for their rights. The identification of industrial injury is the first step in the process of industrial injury insurance. The current growth rate of the number of injured workers in Heilongjiang Province is out of proportion to the incidence rate of industrial accidents, which just shows that there are quite a few of the injured persons in the industrial accidents that are disputed in the identification of industrial injuries. In Heilongjiang Province, the procedures for the identification of industrial injuries, the laws related to the identification of work-related injuries are not perfect, and there are still many loopholes that need to be remedied. For example, the applicable enumeration law itself has a number of defects. All kinds of industrial injuries can not be listed in detail, there is no uniform standard in the process of implementation, and the imperfect procedure itself is the root of the dispute. The sustained identification of injured workers for a long time, most of the cost can not be ignored; Coupled with the limited number of agencies involved in the identification of injuries and the fact that they are too monopolized in setting up, it is difficult for injured workers to be identified in a timely manner. Synthesizing each kind of reason mainly has the following kinds of problems: the government supervision is weak, the organization is not perfect, the unit of choose and employ persons refuses to provide the work injury worker to prove the data for the own benefit, the laborer lacks the legal protection consciousness. In order to solve the above mentioned problems, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures: on the one hand, we should constantly improve and supplement the relevant laws and regulations, and add corresponding judicial interpretation; On the other hand, it is necessary to expand the field of industrial injury identification and simplify the redundant links in the procedure of industrial injury identification; thirdly, to give the people's court the power of final adjudication, only in this way can the recent situation of repeated litigation be effectively reduced; Finally, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of relevant units to prevent abuse of power. Only with continuous efforts and active cooperation, can the injured workers play a better role and better protect the legitimate rights and interests of injured workers.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.55

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