基于价值取向和利益平衡的延长退休年龄方案研究
发布时间：2019-01-08 20:31
【摘要】：延长退休年龄近年来是整个社会和公众普遍关注的热点和焦点问题。在党的十八届中央委员会第三次全体会议上,更是明确提出:要研究制定渐进式延迟退休年龄政策。退休制度在一个国家和地区的发展过程中,是养老保险制度和人口管理制度的重要组成部分,同时也是衡量一个国家和地区的经济福利制度的指标。其中,退休年龄作为退休制度的重要内容,影响整个退休制度的发展,进而影响整个经济社会效应。按照国际标准,我国早已进入老龄化社会。2009年时,我国的人口平均寿命是73岁,到了2012年,城市人口的平均退休年龄才只有56岁,退休年龄偏低,造成了我国人力资源的极大浪费。传统的国家大包大揽养老体制在转轨时,又给现有的体制留下巨大的空账,养老金亏空严重。未来,随着经济发展方式的转变和第三产业的发展,对老年人力资源的需求也会增加,同时,16-59岁的劳动年龄人口又在不断下降,公民的受教育年限不断延长,尤其是女性受教育年限的延长,也使得现有退休年龄早已不能满足现实需要,延长退休年龄已成为一种必然的选择。通过文献搜索,网站查询等方式,笔者了解到:对是否延长退休年龄以及如何延长退休年龄问题,当前的大部分学者,分别从人均预期寿命的角度、企业竞争力的角度、养老金基金平衡的角度以及对就业状况的影响角度等出发,做了较为深入的研究,初步形成了一定的结构,取得了不少有价值的研究成果。然而,针对影响延长退休年龄的价值观和价值取向以及从利益平衡的角度来探析如何延长退休年龄这方面的文章很少。本文在综合延长退休年龄理论分析的基础上探讨社会保障领域的价值取向和利益平衡的概念,在借鉴国内外不同国家的延长退休模式的成功经验下,对延长退休年龄的影响因素从价值取向和利益平衡两大方面进行深入分析。拟通过当前我国延长退休年龄的现状及不同人群对延长退休年龄的需求状况调查,进而明确存在的问题并探讨解决的措施,提出延长退休年龄的小步渐进、平稳延长方案。基于以上分析,本文分为八个部分:第一部分,分析我国延长退休年龄的背景、意义、国内外综述及研究内容和方法;第二部分,介绍延长退休年龄的相关概念内容,并讨论分析他们在社会保障领域所涉及的相关理论;第三部分,借鉴国内外在延长退休年龄方面的成功经验,分析现有的延长退休年龄现状和问题;第四部分,在前面理论的基础上从价值取向和利益平衡两个方面分析对延长退休年龄的制约和影响;第五部分,通过采用问卷调查法对上海、山东、河南等地的各类企业职工展开调研,对调研对象和调研结果进行归纳整理,较为全面的分析了延长退休年龄的现状及存在的问题;第六部分,构建延长退休年龄的指标体系,从居民收入、健康状况、岗位类型、文化程度、单位属性和价值判断等方面入手,运用logistic回归分析方法对延长退休年龄的因素从价值取向和利益平衡进行分析测算;第七部分,提出延长退休年龄问题的价值取向和利益平衡原则、建议和措施;第八部分,总结。
[Abstract]:The extension of the retirement age has been a hot and focus issue for the entire community and the general public in recent years. At the 3rd plenary meeting of the 18th Central Committee of the Party, it was made clear that the development of a gradual and delayed retirement age policy should be studied. The retirement system is an important part of the old-age insurance system and the population management system in the development process of a country and a region, and is also an indicator of the economic welfare system of a country and a region. Among them, the retirement age, as an important part of the retirement system, affects the development of the whole retirement system, thus affecting the whole economic and social effect. In 2009, the average life expectancy of our country is 73. By 2012, the average retirement age of the urban population is only 56, and the retirement age is low, resulting in a great waste of human resources in our country. The traditional state-owned old-age pension system, in the course of the transition, has left a huge void for the existing system, and the pension deficit is serious. In the future, with the transformation of the economic development mode and the development of the tertiary industry, the demand for the elderly force resources will also increase, while the working-age population of the age of 16-59 is declining, and the education life of the citizen is prolonged, especially the extension of the education life of the female, The existing retirement age has long been unable to meet the real needs, and the extension of the retirement age has become an inevitable choice. Through the way of literature search, website inquiry and so on, the author is aware of whether to extend the retirement age and how to extend the retirement age, most of the current scholars, from the perspective of the life expectancy of the per capita, the angle of the enterprise's competitiveness, The angle of the balance of the pension fund and the angle of the influence on the employment situation, etc., have done a more in-depth study, and a certain structure has been formed, and some valuable research results have been obtained. However, there are few articles on how to extend the retirement age for values and values that affect the extension of the retirement age and from the point of view of the balance of interest. Based on the comprehensive extension of the theory of retirement age, this paper discusses the concept of value orientation and interest balance in the field of social security. The influence factors on the extended retirement age are analyzed in terms of value orientation and interest balance. It is proposed that the current situation of the retirement age and the requirement of different people to extend the retirement age are investigated, the existing problems and the measures to be solved are discussed, and the small-step gradual and smooth extension of the retirement age is put forward. Based on the above analysis, this paper is divided into eight parts: the first part, the background, meaning, the summary and the research contents and methods of extending the retirement age in our country, the second part, the related concept of extending the retirement age, The third part, based on the successful experience of the extension of the retirement age at home and abroad, analyzes the current situation and problems of the existing extended retirement age, and the fourth part, On the basis of the former theory, the restriction and influence on the extended retirement age are analyzed from two aspects of value orientation and interest balance; and the fifth part, through the use of the questionnaire method to investigate the various enterprises and workers in Shanghai, Shandong, Henan and so on, In the sixth part, the index system of extending the retirement age is constructed, from the income of the residents, the health status, the type of post and the degree of culture, The article starts from the aspects of unit property and value judgment, and uses the logistic regression analysis method to analyze and measure the factors that extend the retirement age from the value orientation and the benefit balance; in the seventh part, the principles, suggestions and measures to extend the value orientation and the benefit balance of the retirement age are put forward, and the eighth part, Summary.
【学位授予单位】：上海工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F249.2
本文编号：2405082
[Abstract]:The extension of the retirement age has been a hot and focus issue for the entire community and the general public in recent years. At the 3rd plenary meeting of the 18th Central Committee of the Party, it was made clear that the development of a gradual and delayed retirement age policy should be studied. The retirement system is an important part of the old-age insurance system and the population management system in the development process of a country and a region, and is also an indicator of the economic welfare system of a country and a region. Among them, the retirement age, as an important part of the retirement system, affects the development of the whole retirement system, thus affecting the whole economic and social effect. In 2009, the average life expectancy of our country is 73. By 2012, the average retirement age of the urban population is only 56, and the retirement age is low, resulting in a great waste of human resources in our country. The traditional state-owned old-age pension system, in the course of the transition, has left a huge void for the existing system, and the pension deficit is serious. In the future, with the transformation of the economic development mode and the development of the tertiary industry, the demand for the elderly force resources will also increase, while the working-age population of the age of 16-59 is declining, and the education life of the citizen is prolonged, especially the extension of the education life of the female, The existing retirement age has long been unable to meet the real needs, and the extension of the retirement age has become an inevitable choice. Through the way of literature search, website inquiry and so on, the author is aware of whether to extend the retirement age and how to extend the retirement age, most of the current scholars, from the perspective of the life expectancy of the per capita, the angle of the enterprise's competitiveness, The angle of the balance of the pension fund and the angle of the influence on the employment situation, etc., have done a more in-depth study, and a certain structure has been formed, and some valuable research results have been obtained. However, there are few articles on how to extend the retirement age for values and values that affect the extension of the retirement age and from the point of view of the balance of interest. Based on the comprehensive extension of the theory of retirement age, this paper discusses the concept of value orientation and interest balance in the field of social security. The influence factors on the extended retirement age are analyzed in terms of value orientation and interest balance. It is proposed that the current situation of the retirement age and the requirement of different people to extend the retirement age are investigated, the existing problems and the measures to be solved are discussed, and the small-step gradual and smooth extension of the retirement age is put forward. Based on the above analysis, this paper is divided into eight parts: the first part, the background, meaning, the summary and the research contents and methods of extending the retirement age in our country, the second part, the related concept of extending the retirement age, The third part, based on the successful experience of the extension of the retirement age at home and abroad, analyzes the current situation and problems of the existing extended retirement age, and the fourth part, On the basis of the former theory, the restriction and influence on the extended retirement age are analyzed from two aspects of value orientation and interest balance; and the fifth part, through the use of the questionnaire method to investigate the various enterprises and workers in Shanghai, Shandong, Henan and so on, In the sixth part, the index system of extending the retirement age is constructed, from the income of the residents, the health status, the type of post and the degree of culture, The article starts from the aspects of unit property and value judgment, and uses the logistic regression analysis method to analyze and measure the factors that extend the retirement age from the value orientation and the benefit balance; in the seventh part, the principles, suggestions and measures to extend the value orientation and the benefit balance of the retirement age are put forward, and the eighth part, Summary.
【学位授予单位】：上海工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F249.2
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