哈密市农村基本公共服务供给研究

发布时间：2019-02-20 10:14

【摘要】：近年来,中央的一号文件对农村的关注越来越多,对农村问题越来越重视,对于新疆农牧民区域也给予了更多政策倾斜,新疆本身作为经济欠发达的农业省区,在新农村建设中,基本公共服务在运行中面临多种难题。本研究选取新疆哈密市三个典型村庄为样本,采用实地访谈、问卷调查方法,深入研究哈密市农村基本公共服务的供给现状及存在问题,并提出相应对策。主要研究结论如下:一、近年来哈密市农村基本公共服务水平有了较大改善,但是村民的满意程度不一。村民普遍对医疗服务、义务教育政策满意程度较高,对农用基础设施、村内道路、道路卫生、村内供水满意程度低,同时农技推广普及还很缺乏。二、哈密市农村基本公共服务存在的主要问题是专用资金不足,公用基础设施建设滞后;资源配置不合理,医疗服务体系不完善;村民保障意识弱,社会保障覆盖率低;政策制度不健全,农技推广服务功能低下;公共服务供给主体单一,公共服务需求表达渠道不畅通。三、造成这些问题存在的原因主要有:根本原因是城乡“二元体制”主导的经济的非均衡发展战略,直接原因是基层政府财力不足,间接原因是农村居民话语权的缺失。四、针对以上问题和总结的原因,提出了提升哈密市农村基本公共服务的供给能力的对策是:首先统一城乡基本公共服务供给制度,提高农村基本公共服务的标准,其次进一步完善各项制度,然后引入非政府组织,实现供给主体多元化、市场化,最后根据需求的优先次序提供农村基本公共服务。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the No. 1 document of the Central Committee has paid more and more attention to rural areas, paid more and more attention to rural problems, and given more policy preferences to the areas of farmers and herdsmen in Xinjiang. Xinjiang itself is an underdeveloped agricultural province and region. In the construction of new countryside, basic public service is faced with many problems in operation. This study selects three typical villages in Hami, Xinjiang as samples, uses field interview and questionnaire survey method, deeply studies the supply status and existing problems of basic public services in Hami rural areas, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. In recent years, the basic public service level of Hami rural areas has been greatly improved, but the satisfaction of villagers is different. The villagers are generally satisfied with medical service, compulsory education policy, agricultural infrastructure, rural roads, road sanitation, water supply in villages, and lack of popularization of agricultural technology. Second, the main problems of basic public service in Hami rural areas are insufficient special funds, lagging public infrastructure construction, unreasonable allocation of resources, imperfect medical service system, weak awareness of villagers' security and low coverage of social security. The policy system is not perfect, the function of agricultural extension service is low, the main body of public service supply is single, and the channel of expression of public service demand is not smooth. Third, the main reasons for these problems are as follows: the fundamental reason is the unbalanced development strategy of urban and rural economy dominated by "dual system", the direct reason is the lack of financial resources at the grass-roots level, and the indirect reason is the lack of the right to speak of rural residents. Fourthly, in view of the above problems and the reasons summarized above, the countermeasures to improve the supply capacity of rural basic public services in Hami are as follows: firstly, unifying the basic public service supply system in urban and rural areas and improving the standards of basic public services in rural areas. Secondly, the system is further improved, and then the non-governmental organizations are introduced to realize the diversification and marketization of the supply subjects. Finally, the basic rural public services are provided according to the priority of the demand.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D422.6

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