我国高校教师退出机制存在问题及其对策研究
发布时间：2019-04-28 06:12
【摘要】：加强教师队伍建设,既是教育事业发展的根本大计,也是提高人才培养质量、实现教育公平的重要举措,为此,《国务院关于加强教师队伍建设的意见》中明确指出:“教师是教育事业发展的基础,是提高教育质量、办好人民满意教育的关键。”为加强教师队伍建设,《意见》提出,要“建立健全教师管理制度”,“完善教师退出机制。”建立和完善高校教师退出机制是加强高校教师队伍建设的一项重要举措,但由于受我国人事制度的影响,我国高校教师退出机制还不够健全,运行效果也没有达到预期,为了进一步完善这一机制,使其更好地发挥作用,笔者运用文献研究法、历史研究法、比较研究法,以古典契约理论、人力资本理论、激励理论为基础,首先对高校教师退出机制的基本问题进行了解析,提出:所谓高校教师退出机制是指是一个持续性的系统,此系统针对的是在职的高校教师,是高校根据自身成长的需求,通过高校教师自身为配合高校的发展需要主动退出及高校对在职教师进行定期考核,对那些达不到考核标准的教师采取退出措施,从而建立高水平的高校教师队伍,进而让高校能够满足国家对高质量人才培养的需求,满足新的历史时期的社会要求;在此基础上提出,建立高校教师退出机制具有必要性和可行性,它可以畅通高校教师的出口,增进高教之间人才人才交流,提高高校教师内部竞争与交流意识,在逐步提高教师个体素质的基础上建设高素质教师队伍,从而满足国家为建设高等教育强国和高水平大学提供师资保障的现实需要,同时也在新的历史时期满足国家深化高校人事制度改革、进一步完善高校教师管理体制的需要,它紧密结合高校教师聘任制度改革的基础上,顺延国家深化改革的步伐;另外还对高校教师退出的方式进行了分类,提出高校教师退出有系统、自然和资源等三种类型。其次,笔者对我国高校教师退出的现状进行了分析,提出:高校教师退出机制的历史演变就是高校教师体制编制从任命制到聘任制的过程演变;科学化、合理化、标准化、人性化、现代化的高校教师退出系统还未成型;退出机制存在:缺乏明确退出标准、退出方式单一、教师思想过于保守等三个问题;问题的原因在于受计划经济时代任命的影响、完备的人才市场尚未建成、社会保障体系并不健全、教师聘用制度并未完善、考评机制尚不完备、社会的舆论环境不利于教师退出。最后,笔者针对我国高校教师退出存在的问题及其原因,提出了进一步完善我国高校教师退出机制的对策,即建设规范、开放的人才市场、完善我国高校教师社会保障、完善高校教师考评机制、完善教师聘用制度建设、加强高校教师退出自身建设、完善高校教师退出的相关法律法规建设、营造有利于高校教师退出的社会氛围。如果将高校比作高等生物体——教师是整个高校生命体中最基本最重要的细胞,若细胞没有积极排出旧物质便会导致新陈代谢停止,整个生命体随即将失去活力。高校教师的退出便是生命进化必经的过程,它让高校拥有更强的生命力与竞争力。
[Abstract]:To strengthen the construction of the teaching staff is not only the basic measure of the development of the education, but also the important measure to improve the quality of the personnel training and realize the equity of the education. Therefore, the State Council's Opinions on the Strengthening of the Construction of the Teachers' Team clearly state that the "The teacher is the foundation of the development of the education cause, it is the key to improve the quality of the education and to run the people's satisfaction education." is to strengthen the construction of the teaching staff. The author puts forward that the establishment and perfection of the teacher's withdrawal mechanism is an important measure to strengthen the team construction of the university teachers. However, due to the influence of the personnel system in our country, the withdrawal mechanism of the university teachers is not perfect and the operation effect is not expected. In order to further improve this mechanism, the author makes use of the literature research method, the history research method and the comparative study, and based on the classical contract theory, the human capital theory and the incentive theory, the author first analyzes the basic problems of the university teachers' withdrawal mechanism, It is pointed out that the so-called college teachers' withdrawal mechanism is a continuous system, which is aimed at the in-the-the-job university teachers, which is the demand of the university on the basis of its own growth, and it is necessary for the university teachers to take the initiative to withdraw from the colleges and universities and to carry out regular examination on the on-the-the-job teachers through the development of the university. In order to meet the demands of the state on the high quality personnel training and meet the social requirements of the new historical period, the teachers can meet the demands of the high-quality personnel training and meet the social requirements of the new historical period. It is necessary and feasible to establish the withdrawal mechanism of the university teachers, which can smooth the export of the university teachers, improve the exchange of the talents among the higher education, improve the internal competition and the communication consciousness of the university teachers, and build a high-quality teaching staff on the basis of gradually increasing the individual quality of the teachers, so as to meet the real needs of the state to provide the teacher guarantee for the high-education power and the high-level university, and meanwhile, the reform of the personnel system of the colleges and universities is met in the new historical period, and the need of the management system of the university teachers is further improved, On the basis of the reform of the employment system of the university teachers, it will postpone the pace of the reform of the state. In addition, the paper classifies the way of the university teachers' withdrawal, and puts forward three types of the system, nature and resources of the university teachers. Secondly, the author analyses the present situation of the university teachers' withdrawal, and puts forward that the historical evolution of the university teachers' withdrawal mechanism is the process evolution of the system of the university teachers from the appointment to the appointment system, and the scientific, reasonable, standardized and human-oriented. The exiting system of the modern university teachers has not been formed; the exit mechanism has three problems: lack of clear exit standard, single exit method and too conservative teacher's thought; the reason of the problem lies in the influence of the appointment in the planned economy age, and the complete talent market has not yet been built, The social security system is not perfect, the system of the teachers' employment is not perfect, the evaluation mechanism is not complete, and the public opinion environment of the society is not conducive to the teacher's withdrawal. In the end, the author puts forward the countermeasures to further improve the withdrawal mechanism of the university teachers in China, that is, to build the standardized and open talents market, to improve the social security of the university teachers in our country, and to improve the evaluation mechanism of the university teachers. We should perfect the construction of the teachers' employment system, strengthen the college teachers' withdrawal from their own construction, improve the construction of relevant laws and regulations of the university teachers' withdrawal, and create a social atmosphere conducive to the withdrawal of the university teachers. If the university is compared to the higher organism _ teacher is the most basic and most important cell in the whole university living body, if the cell does not actively discharge the old material, the metabolism is stopped, and the whole life body will lose its vitality. The withdrawal of the university teachers is the process of the development of life, which makes the university have more vitality and competitiveness.
【学位授予单位】：北华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G645.1
[Abstract]:To strengthen the construction of the teaching staff is not only the basic measure of the development of the education, but also the important measure to improve the quality of the personnel training and realize the equity of the education. Therefore, the State Council's Opinions on the Strengthening of the Construction of the Teachers' Team clearly state that the "The teacher is the foundation of the development of the education cause, it is the key to improve the quality of the education and to run the people's satisfaction education." is to strengthen the construction of the teaching staff. The author puts forward that the establishment and perfection of the teacher's withdrawal mechanism is an important measure to strengthen the team construction of the university teachers. However, due to the influence of the personnel system in our country, the withdrawal mechanism of the university teachers is not perfect and the operation effect is not expected. In order to further improve this mechanism, the author makes use of the literature research method, the history research method and the comparative study, and based on the classical contract theory, the human capital theory and the incentive theory, the author first analyzes the basic problems of the university teachers' withdrawal mechanism, It is pointed out that the so-called college teachers' withdrawal mechanism is a continuous system, which is aimed at the in-the-the-job university teachers, which is the demand of the university on the basis of its own growth, and it is necessary for the university teachers to take the initiative to withdraw from the colleges and universities and to carry out regular examination on the on-the-the-job teachers through the development of the university. In order to meet the demands of the state on the high quality personnel training and meet the social requirements of the new historical period, the teachers can meet the demands of the high-quality personnel training and meet the social requirements of the new historical period. It is necessary and feasible to establish the withdrawal mechanism of the university teachers, which can smooth the export of the university teachers, improve the exchange of the talents among the higher education, improve the internal competition and the communication consciousness of the university teachers, and build a high-quality teaching staff on the basis of gradually increasing the individual quality of the teachers, so as to meet the real needs of the state to provide the teacher guarantee for the high-education power and the high-level university, and meanwhile, the reform of the personnel system of the colleges and universities is met in the new historical period, and the need of the management system of the university teachers is further improved, On the basis of the reform of the employment system of the university teachers, it will postpone the pace of the reform of the state. In addition, the paper classifies the way of the university teachers' withdrawal, and puts forward three types of the system, nature and resources of the university teachers. Secondly, the author analyses the present situation of the university teachers' withdrawal, and puts forward that the historical evolution of the university teachers' withdrawal mechanism is the process evolution of the system of the university teachers from the appointment to the appointment system, and the scientific, reasonable, standardized and human-oriented. The exiting system of the modern university teachers has not been formed; the exit mechanism has three problems: lack of clear exit standard, single exit method and too conservative teacher's thought; the reason of the problem lies in the influence of the appointment in the planned economy age, and the complete talent market has not yet been built, The social security system is not perfect, the system of the teachers' employment is not perfect, the evaluation mechanism is not complete, and the public opinion environment of the society is not conducive to the teacher's withdrawal. In the end, the author puts forward the countermeasures to further improve the withdrawal mechanism of the university teachers in China, that is, to build the standardized and open talents market, to improve the social security of the university teachers in our country, and to improve the evaluation mechanism of the university teachers. We should perfect the construction of the teachers' employment system, strengthen the college teachers' withdrawal from their own construction, improve the construction of relevant laws and regulations of the university teachers' withdrawal, and create a social atmosphere conducive to the withdrawal of the university teachers. If the university is compared to the higher organism _ teacher is the most basic and most important cell in the whole university living body, if the cell does not actively discharge the old material, the metabolism is stopped, and the whole life body will lose its vitality. The withdrawal of the university teachers is the process of the development of life, which makes the university have more vitality and competitiveness.
【学位授予单位】：北华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G645.1
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