后老人农业时代中国粮食安全问题探讨

发布时间：2019-08-06 19:24

【摘要】：老人农业是东亚特殊的人地结构、土地政策导致农业现代化严重滞后于工业化、城市化后产生的特殊现象,是传统农业向现代农业的过渡阶段,如果持续时间过长会影响国家粮食安全。随着刘易斯拐点的到来、人口转型的提前出现,农业税费的免除和农业补贴的增加,农村社会保障体系的完善,代际剥削的减轻,中国老人农业急剧衰落,严重威胁国家粮食供应安全。只有认真借鉴日本应对老人农业的经验,积极地采取有效措施促进土地的规模化、产业化经营,根据国民食品消费结构、人口结构的变化优化耕地资源的配置,合理提高粮食价格,调整农业补贴政策,改革农业教育培训体制,继续推进美丽乡村建设,才能提高务农的比较收益,使乡村既宜居又宜业;才能提高年青人务农的积极性,稳定骨干农民,缓解中国后老人农业时代的粮食安全危机。
[Abstract]:Agriculture for the elderly is a special human-land structure in East Asia. The land policy leads to agricultural modernization lagging behind industrialization seriously. The special phenomenon after urbanization is the transitional stage from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. If it lasts too long, it will affect the national food security. With the arrival of Lewis inflection point, the early emergence of population transformation, the exemption of agricultural taxes and fees and the increase of agricultural subsidies, the improvement of rural social security system, the reduction of intergenerational exploitation, and the sharp decline of agriculture for the elderly in China, it seriously threatens the security of national food supply. Only by conscientiously drawing lessons from Japan's experience in dealing with agriculture for the elderly, actively taking effective measures to promote the scale and industrialization of land, optimizing the allocation of cultivated land resources according to the structure of national food consumption and the change of population structure, reasonably raising grain prices, adjusting agricultural subsidy policies, reforming the agricultural education and training system, and continuing to promote the construction of beautiful villages, can we improve the comparative benefits of farming and make villages livable and suitable for work. In order to improve the enthusiasm of young people to work in agriculture, stabilize the backbone farmers, and alleviate the food security crisis in the post-elderly agricultural era in China.
【作者单位】：中北大学经济与管理学院;
【基金】：山西省软科学研究项目“山西省农村金融生态评价与优化途径研究”(2013041065-01)阶段性成果
【分类号】：F326.11

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