美国SSI计划与中国低保制度比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 02:22

本文关键词： 美国SSI计划中国最低生活保障制度比较借鉴　出处：《武汉科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：纵观全世界,不论是发达国家,还是发展中国家,为了保持社会的稳定和国家的长治久安,都十分重视对生活在社会最底层居民的关注。为此,各国都在结合本国实际情况的基础上为这部分群体提供相关的救助制度,使其最基本的生活得到保障。如被称为美国最低生活保障制度的美国补充收入保障计划(SSI),通过立法及修订对制度进行不断的完善。目前,SSI计划是美国非缴费型福利制度中最大的现金福利计划,在管理运行过程中注重协调和社会保险计划及其他救助计划之间的关系,较好的解决了联邦政府和州政府的责任分担问题,在全美范围内向最需要帮助的老人、盲人、残疾人提供最低收入保障。我国最低生活保障制度被誉为社会稳定的“最后一张安全网”,通过国家对家庭人均收入低于当地政府公告的最低生活标准的人口给予一定现金资助,以保证该家庭及成员基本生活所需,很大程度上的缓解了城市及农村的贫困问题。但是,我国最低生活保障制度推行的过程中,出现了最低保障水平城乡之间、地区之间差异较大,管理缺陷,隐性收入和隐形就业等问题。本文旨在通过中美两种制度相似点、不同点的对比,结合我国最低生活保障制度存在的问题,为我国最低生活保障制度的完善提出建议。
[Abstract]:Throughout the world, whether developed or developing countries, in order to maintain social stability and long-term stability of the country, they attach great importance to the people living in the lowest level of society. All countries provide relevant relief system for this group on the basis of their actual situation, so that their most basic life can be guaranteed. Such as the United States, known as the minimum living security system of the United States supplementary income security plan, through legislation and revision of the system continue to improve. The SSI program is the largest cash benefit plan in the non-contributory welfare system in the United States. It pays attention to the relationship between social insurance plan and other relief plan in the process of management and operation. A better solution to the federal and state responsibility sharing problem, in the United States to the most needy elderly, blind, disabled people provide minimum income security. China's minimum living security system is known as the "last safety net" of social stability. Through the state, the population whose per capita income is lower than the minimum standard of living announced by the local government is given certain cash assistance. In order to ensure the basic needs of the family and members, to a large extent alleviate the urban and rural poverty. However, the implementation of the minimum living security system in China, there is a minimum level of security between urban and rural areas. Large regional differences, management defects, hidden income and hidden employment and other issues. The purpose of this paper is to compare the similarities and differences between the two systems in China and the United States, and to put forward some suggestions for the perfection of the minimum living security system in China by combining the existing problems of the minimum living security system in our country.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.7

【引证文献】